邓雯予 陈良 余荣环 邹晓鸿 陈冬冬

摘 要 目的：通過对上海市社区卫生服务中心全科医师支气管哮喘认知情况进行调查，分析全科医师支气管哮喘认知情况影响因素。方法：于2020年3月9日—3月14日采取简单随机抽样方法在上海市247家社区卫生服务中心中抽取44家社区卫生服务中心的472名全科医师作为调查对象进行问卷调查，共收到496份问卷，有效问卷472份，问卷有效回收率为95.2%。结果：全科医师中，支气管哮喘认知得分及格的为247名（52.3%），不及格的为225名（47.7%）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，对全科医师支气管哮喘认知情况具有统计学意义的影响因素为社区开展支气管哮喘相关辅助检查数量、社区是否开展雾化吸入治疗项目和过去1年内参加支气管哮喘相关培训次数（P<0.05）。结论：社区全科医师应通过参加支气管哮喘相关培训逐步提升自身业务能力，同时熟练应用社区现有辅助诊疗工具提升支气管哮喘综合诊疗能力。

关键词 全科医师；支气管哮喘；认知度；影响因素

中图分类号：R562.2+5 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）18-0017-03

Analysis of related influencing factors on the awareness of bronchial asthma in community general practitioners in Shanghai

DENG Wenyu1， CHEN Liang1， YU Ronghuan2， ZOU Xiaohong1， CHEN Dongdong3（1. General Practice Department of Lingyun Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District， Shanghai 200237， China； 2. Respiratory Department of Central Hospital of Xuhui District， Shanghai 200031， China； 3. General Practice Department of Huajing Community Health Service Center of Xuhui District， Shanghai 200231， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： Through investigating the awareness of bronchial asthma among general practitioners in community health service centers in Shanghai to analyze the influencing factors of bronchial asthma awareness of general practitioners. Methods： From March 9 to 14， 2020， a simple random sampling method was adopted to select 472 general practitioners from 44 community health service centers from 247 community health service centers in Shanghai as survey subjects to conduct a questionnaires survey. A total of 496 questionnaires were received， of which 472 were valid questionnaires， and the effective response rate of the questionnaires was 95.2%. Results： Among general practitioners， 247（52.3%） passed the cognitive score of bronchial asthma， and 225（47.7%） failed. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the statistically significant influencing factors for general practitioners knowledge of bronchial asthma were the number of bronchial asthma-related auxiliary examinations carried out in the community， whether the community carried out aerosol inhalation treatment programs， and and the number of participation in bronchial asthma related training in the past year（P<0.05）. Conclusion： Community general practitioners should gradually improve their professional capabilities by participating in bronchial asthma related training， and at the same time proficiently use the existing auxiliary diagnosis and treatment tools in the community to improve the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment capabilities of bronchial asthma.

KEY WORDS general practitioner； bronchial asthma； awareness； influencing factor

随着全球气候变化和社会环境的影响，支气管哮喘患者呈逐年上升趋势[1]。支气管哮喘是一种呼吸系统慢性疾病，发病率高，病程较长且反复发作，严重影响患者的生活质量[2]。2010—2012年对我国8个省市进行的支气管哮喘患病调查结果显示，我国14岁以上人群哮喘患病率为1.24%，新发哮喘患者占25.61%[3]。

我国哮喘患者大部分在二级医疗机构和社区卫生服务中心就诊，社区卫生服务中心承担了哮喘的诊断、治疗、随访和健康教育等工作，在支气管哮喘防治工作中处于重要地位[4]。本次研究通过对上海市社区卫生服务中心全科医师支气管哮喘认知情况进行调查，分析全科医师支气管哮喘认知情况影响因素，为提升社区支气管哮喘诊疗水平提供参考。……