黄惠珍 刘善文

摘 要：【目的/意义】应用物联网和射频识别技术，构建土鸡全产业链监管体系，从而实现山林土鸡的生态养殖管理，架设农户与消费者的互信桥梁。【方法/过程】搭建智能鸡舍、生产智能化管理系统、生产可视化监控系统、智能立体栖架观测与评价系统、安全生产监管与溯源系统以及互联网定制认养系统，构建土鸡全产业链监管体系。通过在智能鸡舍内布署物联传感设备及以射频识别技术读写鸡脚环信息，实现对生产过程数据、农产品信息、农产品溯源信息的采集和监测，养殖基地可视化360°高清24h展示，农产品网络平台认养与订购等功能。【结果/结论】构建土鸡全产业链监管体系，识别鸡只个体状态及活动行为，形成可追溯、可验证、透明化的全产业链过程信息的传输与展示，可实现高效、稳定的溯源，保障农产品优质生产和质量安全。

关键词：物联网;NFC脚环;食品安品;监管

Abstract： 【Objective/Meaning】The Internet of Things and Radio Frequency Identification Technology were applied to build the supervision system of whole industry chain for native chickens， so as to realize the ecological breeding and management of native chickens in the mountain forests and build a bridge of mutual trust between farmers and consumers. 【Methods/Procedures】Through establishing the intelligent chicken house， the intelligent production management system， the visual production monitoring system， the intelligent three-dimensional roost observation and evaluation system， the safety production supervision and traceability system and the Internet customized adoption system， the supervision system of whole industry chain for native chickens has been constructed. By placing the iot sensing equipment in the intelligent chicken coop and reading and writing the information of chicken foot rings with Radio Frequency Identification Technology， the functions could be realized including the collection and monitoring of the production process data， the agricultural product information and the information of agricultural product traceability， the visual 360-degree display of aquaculture base for 24 hours， and the adoption and order of agricultural products on the online platform. 【Results/Conclusions】By establishing the supervision system of whole industry chain for native chickens， identifying the individual status and activities of chickens， and forming the transmission and display of traceable， verifiable and transparent process information of the whole industry chain， the efficient and stable traceability could be achieved， thus to ensure the high-quality production and the quality safety of agricultural products.

Key words： Internet of Things; NFC foot ring; food safety; supervision

近年來，出于对安全食品的渴望，在山林生态养殖的土鸡越来越受到消费者的亲睐。经过动物行为学家的分析，山里的土鸡具有昼夜节律性，白天在外站立或活动行为较多，晚上习惯回鸡舍的趴卧行为和栖息行为表现较多[1]。传统的养殖鸡舍以人力管理为主，人员需要时常进出鸡舍，不仅极易携带细菌，感染群，还易对土鸡造成应激，影响鸡只的生长发育[2]。另外，“脏、乱、臭、差”的养殖环境也非常不利于鸡只的健康生长，甚至导致家禽疫病问题[3]。

为了保障原始农产品的质量，提高消费者对食品安全的信任度，近些年国家颁布了多项新政策。……