李孟君 黄安胜 林丽梅

摘 要：【目的/意义】探究福建省科技特派员制度长效运行驱动因素，为科技特派员相关政策制定及工作提供建议。【方法/过程】围绕福建省及各地市发布的12份科技特派员政策文本，借助扎根理论和NVivo软件对其进行逐层编码，构建出“理念引导-资源整合-综合管理-目标产出”的科技特派员制度长效运行的内在机制。【结果/结论】结果表明，福建省科技特派员制度长效运行驱动源自正确的理念指引、充裕的内外资源保障以及完善的管理体制三方共同作用，并从中总结出坚持科技指导先导的思想，注重理念创新;保障经费、人才支持，扩大外部监督、宣传;强化组织建设，完善激励机制等政策启示。

关键词：科技特派员制度;驱动因素;扎根理论;政策文本

Abstract： 【Objective/Meaning】The driving factors for the long-term operation of the scientific special commissioner system in Fujian Province were explored in this paper， thus to provide some suggestions for the policy formulation and the work of scientific special commissioners. 【Methods/Procedures】Based on the 12 policy texts of scientific special commissioners issued by Fujian Province， the system was coded layer by layer with the help of the grounded theory and NVivo software， and the internal mechanism of the long-term operation of the scientific special commissioner system was constructed， namely “idea guidance-resource integration-comprehensive management-target output”. 【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the long-term operation of the scientific special commissioner system in Fujian Province was driven by the combined action of the correct idea guidance， abundant internal and external resource guarantee and perfect management system. Then， the policy suggestions were summarized including adhering to the idea of taking science and technology as the guidance to pay attention to the idea innovation， guaranteeing the funds and talent support to expand the external supervision and publicity， and strengthening the organizational construction to improve the incentive mechanism， etc.

Key words： scientific special commissioner system; driving factors; grounded theory; policy text

中共中央連续18年发布以“三农”为主题的中央一号文件，可见“三农”问题是社会主义现代化建设工作重中之重，而科技特派员制度正是解决“三农”问题的重要途径和创新举措。科技特派员制度是习近平总书记在福建工作时期大力支持的基层探索、群众需求、服务“三农”的工作机制创新[1]。2016年5月《国务院办公厅关于深入推行科技特派员制度的若干意见》（国办发〔2016〕32号，以下简称《推行意见》）发布实施，标志着科技特派员制度正式成为一项国家政策[2]。2019年习近平总书记在科技特派员制度推行20周年做出重要指示指出，继续坚持人才下沉、科技下乡、服务三农。福建省作为科技特派员制度发源地和示范地，有必要对其发布的相关政策进行梳理和分析。……