申培增 关参政 漆永红

摘要：阐述了白银市枸杞产业的优势和限制因素，提出了强化市场和品牌培育;加快品种更新步伐，增强枸杞产业发展后劲;多管齐下，提高枸杞绿色生产水平;积极探索深加工有效途径，延伸枸杞产业增值链条;加大枸杞采摘机械研发力度，提升枸杞采摘效率等促进白银市枸杞产业健康发展的建议与对策。

关键词：枸杞;产业;现状;对策

中图分类号：S668.9      文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）08-0080-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.08.017

Abstract：In this paper， with a new quinoa cultivar Longli 4 as the control， the performance of six new quinoa strains introduced in Haiyuan dry farming area of Ningxia was analyzed. The results showed that the six introduced quinoa new lines and the control cultivar Longli 4 could mature normally， the growth period was 110～116 days. There were differences in plant height， panicle shape， grain color， 1000-grain weight， stem folding degree and other traits between Longcheno4 and 6 new strains of quinoa. The yield of new quinoa cultivars（lines） were        3 245.78～7 872.89 kg/hm2， among which CA4-1 had the highest yield of 7 872.89 kg/hm2， 9.4% higher than the control cultivar Longli 4，  the yield increase was extremely significant. CA3-1 has the highest 1000-grain weight （3.64 g） and higher yield potential. According to the breeding objectives and production requirements of Haiyuan dryland area， CA3-1 and control cultivar Longli 4 were considered to have excellent comprehensive traits and good breeding， production and application prospects.

Key words：Chenopodium quinoa;New cultivars（lines）;Haiyuan;Dryland areas;Ecological adaptability

枸杞為茄科枸杞属植物，在我国分布有7个种[1 ]。其中宁夏枸杞（Lycium barbarum  L.）因果实入药而栽培，其干燥成熟果实被称为枸杞子[2 ]，可滋补肝肾、益精明目，既是传统中药，又是营养食品，包括栽培品种宁杞1号、宁杞5号、宁杞7号和蒙杞1号等10多个[3 - 5 ]，喜光照、抗寒、耐盐碱[6 ]，在我国西北部大规模种植，以宁夏中宁、甘肃靖远、青海都兰、新疆精河为代表性产区。枸杞是白银市种植规模最大的中药材，2020年全市枸杞种植面积达2.0万hm2，约占全国枸杞种植面积的10%，集中分布在海拔1 600～1 800 m、年降水量180～190 mm的腾格里沙漠西南缘过渡地带，涵盖靖远县靖安乡、五合镇、东升镇和北滩镇，景泰县草窝滩镇、上沙沃镇、漫水滩乡和红水镇等枸杞产区，干果总产量6万t。

1   产业优势

1.1   区域优势突出

白银市枸杞主产区平均海拔1 700 m，比宁夏中宁枸杞产区高500 m，气候相对冷凉，枸杞果实生长充分，果粒大，品质优，具有较强的市场竞争力。所产枸杞干果百粒重16.5 g，比宁夏枸杞高22.2%;含总糖 45.5%～56.0%、枸杞多糖3.60%～5.65%、甜菜碱0.55%～1.36%、黄酮0.20%～0.27%，含磷2.36 g/kg、钾15.09 g/kg、钙0.74 g/kg、镁1.26 g/kg、锌23.88 mg/kg、锰16.78 mg/kg和铁75.67 mg/kg，药用成分和营养元素含量丰富，且制干充分，不粘连结块，市场认可度高。……