文章编号：1673-9973（2021）03-0123-06

摘 要：西方发达国家十分重视大学生创新思维能力的培养，20世纪90年代起，一些国家的大学就已经将相关课程归入到整个课程体系中。我国教育部于2002年启动了创新创业教育的试点工作行动计划，开始高度重视对创新思维类型人才的教育培养。现阶段，我国高校正积极开展创新思维人才培养体系建设，大体形成了与我国实际情况相符合的人才培养模式框架，然而由于起步较晚，我国大学生创新创业思维培养还存在缺乏认识、不成体系、师资力量匮乏、教学形式单一等问题，针对这些问题，需要从重视思维培养工作、完善师资队伍、对教学方式的重新界定与改良、构建合理支持体系支撑创新创业等方面持续用力。

关键词：大学生;创新创业;思维培养;培养路径

中图分类号：G642    文献标识码：A    DOI：10.13411/j.cnki.sxsx.2021.03.023

Path Analysis of Cultivating College Students Innovative and Entrepreneurial Thinking

YUE Jinyue

（Institute of Materials Science and Engineering， Shenyang University of Technology， Shenyang 110000，China）

Abstract：Western advanced countries attach great importance to the cultivation of innovative thinking ability of college students. Since the 1990s， some universities have classified relevant courses into the whole curriculum system. In 2002， the Ministry of education of China launched the pilot work plan of innovation and entrepreneurship education， and began to attach great importance to the education and training of innovative thinking talents. At present， colleges and universities in China are actively developing the construction of innovative thinking talent training system， which has formed a framework of talent training mode consistent with the actual situation in China. However， due to the late start， there are still many problems in the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial thinking of college students， such as lack of understanding， lack of system， lack of teachers and single teaching form， aiming at these problems， We should make efforts in the following aspects： attaching importance to the cultivation of thinking， improving the teaching staff， redefining and improving the teaching methods， and building a reasonable support system to support innovation and entrepreneurship.

Key words：college students; innovation and entrepreneurship; thinking cultivation; training path

現如今创新技术层出不穷，推动了国内各产业的飞速发展，大学生拥有了更多的创新创业机会。不久前，教育部公布2019年我国普通高校应届毕业生规模超过843万人，打破同期应届毕业生毕业人数历史记录，这使得创新创业将成为我国提高应届毕业生就业，有效应对严峻的经济社会发展形势的一个关键选择^[1]。为此，高校深入探索了创新创业思维培养方法和实践，为大学生输出资源和培养方案。但是现实中很多高校的创新创业教育只是促进了少量大学生的创业课程和实践，缺乏对思维培养的正确认识和重视，疏于研究培养路径存在的问题，未能有效借鉴国外先进的培养经验。……