仓储轨道穿梭车传动轴机械结构优化设计
2021-09-10高治理
高治理





摘要:为减少穿梭车的外形尺寸,提高运行效率,本文基于GRG非线性规划方法,以轨道穿梭车中传动轴为结构优化案例,以其体积为优化目标,经过优化运算后并与原方案相比降低了54.9%的体积,不仅达到了减少了其在穿梭车内部体积的占比,并经静强度、模态分析校核,验证了传动轴在结构优化后其强度满足工作要求,也不会发生共振,可为其他设备的机械结构优化设计提供了一定的指导作用,在工程实践中具有重要的现实意义与应用性。
Abstract: In order to reduce the overall size of the shuttle and improve the operating efficiency, this paper is based on the GRG non-linear programming method, taking the transmission shaft of the rail shuttle as a structural optimization case, and taking its volume as the optimization target. After the optimization calculation, the reduction is compared with the original plan. The volume of 54.9%, not only reduced its proportion in the internal volume of the shuttle, but also verified by static strength and modal analysis to verify that the strength of the drive shaft meets the working requirements after the structure optimization, and it will not happen. Resonance can provide a certain guidance for the optimal design of mechanical structure of other equipment, and has important practical significance and applicability in engineering practice.
關键词:传动轴;结构优化;非线性规划方法;静强度;模态分析
Key words: transmission shaft;structural optimization;nonlinear programming method;static strength;modal anlysis
中图分类号:TH162 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)10-0199-02
0 引言
仓储轨道穿梭车(RGV,Rail Guied Vehicle),是一种负责将物料输送到堆垛机的接收点或其他指定位置的仓储机器人。可以实现高度的自动化和灵活性[1]。
本文以穿梭车的传动轴体积为优化设计目标,因其为穿梭车的核心传动件,在整体结构中所占比重较大,故本文提出将此作为结构优化目标。
1 优化设计概况
1.1 优化设计理论
结构优化设计于20世纪60年代初期由相关学者提出,是在保证并提高零件的强度与刚度的前提下,尽可能的减少零件质量,从无数可能的优化技术方案中寻找到最优方案,缩短设计周期,提高工作效率[2-3]。
1.2 优化问题求解
工程问题大多数均可归结于非线性规划问题,在1969年Abadie和Carpentier将Wolf提出了著名的GRG法(Generalized Reduced Gradient Method)广义既约梯度算法,通过某些实例表明,GRG法是目前求解非线性约束最优化问题的有效方法之一[4-6]。……
