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临床药师参与甲磺酸伊马替尼致胃间质瘤切除术后低钙血症诊治的病例分析

2021-09-07丁蕊陈永妍于丽

上海医药 2021年15期

丁蕊 陈永妍 于丽

摘 要 目的:探讨胃间质瘤切除术后患者多次出现血钙低、手脚抽筋、呼吸急促等现象的原因。方法:临床药师参与患者救治过程,查阅相关文献,结合患者实际情况,并全程实施药学监护。结果:考虑患者出现上述症状为服用甲磺酸伊马替尼后产生的不良反应。结论:临床药师利用专业优势,开展药学监护,协助医师对临床罕见不良反应进行分析,并保障临床用药安全。

关键词 伊马替尼 胃间质瘤 低钙血症 病例分析

中图分类号:R979.19; R735.2 文献标志码:B 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)15-0069-03

Case analysis for clinical pharmacists to participate in the diagnosis and treatment of hypocalcemia caused by imatinib mesylate after gastric stromal tumor resection

DING Rui, CHEN Yongyan, YU Li

(Department of Pharmacy, the 7th Peoples Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450016, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the causes of low blood calcium, hand and foot cramps, shortness of breath and other phenomena in a patient following resection of gastric stromal tumor. Methods: The clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment process of the patient and implemented pharmaceutical care to her throughout the whole process by reviewing relevant literature and combining with his actual situation. Results: The above symptoms were considered to be an adverse reaction after taking imatinib mesylate. Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists can use their professional advantages to carry out pharmaceutical care, which can assist physicians in analyzing rare clinical adverse reactions and ensure the safety of clinical medication.

KEY WORDS imatinib mesylate; gastric stromal tumor; hypocalcemia; case study

胃腸道间质瘤(gastrointestinal stromal tumors, GIST)是胃肠道最常见的间叶源性肿瘤[1],因间质细胞(Cajal细胞)表达的酪氨酸激酶受体 c-KIT 等的突变,导致该细胞失控生长形成肿瘤[2]。治疗上如无手术禁忌,原则上应以手术治疗为首选,术后应用伊马替尼治疗[3]。目前,分子靶向药物的研发大大提高了患者的生存率和生活质量,其一线药物甲磺酸伊马替尼作为GIST首选药物,广泛应用于临床中[4]。此外,伊马替尼的药物不良反应多较轻微,如胃肠道反应、水钠潴留、肝功能损害等,25%的GIST患者在使用伊马替尼后出现肌肉骨骼效应,包括关节痛、肌痛、肌阵挛等[5-6]。而伊马替尼的低钙血症临床上鲜少报道,本文对1例胃间质瘤切除术后患者服用甲磺酸伊马替尼后产生的不良反应进行分析,探讨临床药师在其中发挥的作用。

1 临床资料

患者,女,61岁,于5月16日因“上腹部腹胀不适2月余,加重1周”为主诉入住我院普外科,入院结合病史、临床表现及病理检查结果诊断为胃间质瘤,于5月29日行近端胃大部切除术,术后恢复情况良好,各项目指标正常,血液检查示钙2.47 mmol/L。……

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