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伊布替尼治疗老年慢性淋巴细胞白血病所致新发心房颤动的处理

2021-09-07丁天凌

上海医药 2021年15期

丁天凌

摘 要 目的:探讨布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶抑制剂伊布替尼治疗老年慢性淋巴细胞白血病(chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CLL)患者所致新发心房颤动的处理方法。方法:1例老年CLL患者接受伊布替尼治疗后出现新发心房颤动。查阅相关临床指南和文献,未停药,给予低剂量抗凝药利伐沙班抗凝治疗。结果:患者的CLL控制良好,且没有出现新发血栓栓塞和出血事件。结论:伊布替尼治疗老年CLL可致患者出现心房颤动。伊布替尼本身也有抗血小板作用。因此,对使用伊布替尼治疗的老年CLL患者应进行血栓栓塞和出血风险评估,以决定是否和如何进行抗凝治疗。

关键词 布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 伊布替尼 慢性淋巴细胞白血病 心房颤动 抗凝治疗

中图分类号:R979.19; R969.3 文献标志码:B 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)15-0005-03

The management of patient with new-onset atrial fibrillation caused by ibrutinib therapy of elderly chronic lymphocytic leukemia

DING Tianling

(Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the management of patient with new-onset atrial fibrillation caused by ibrutinib therapy of elderly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Methods: New-onset atrial fibrillation occurred in an elderly CLL patient after receiving ibrutinib therapy. The drug was not discontinued and the low-dose anticoagulant rivaroxaban was given for anticoagulant treatment by consulting the relevant clinical guidelines and literature. Results: The CLL of the patient was well controlled, and there was no occurrence of new thromboembolisms and bleeding events. Conclusion: Ibrutinib itself has antiplatelet effects but it can cause atrial fibrillation when using in elderly with CLL. Therefore, the elderly with CLL treating with ibrutinib should be assessed for thromboembolism and bleeding risk to determine whether and how to conduct anticoagulation therapy.

KEY WORDS Brutons tyrosine kinase inhibitor; ibrutinib; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; atrial fibrillation; anticoagulation therapy

布魯顿酪氨酸激酶(Brutons tyrosine kinase, BTK)是TEC激酶家族中的一种非受体酪氨酸激酶,其能通过激活B细胞受体信号通路而促进B细胞的增殖和分化。在B细胞相关肿瘤中,抑制BTK可显著减缓肿瘤细胞的增殖,并抑制肿瘤微环境的黏附和迁移功能[1]。

伊布替尼是全球范围内上市的第一个BTK抑制剂,至今已在美国和欧盟获准治疗慢性淋巴细胞白血病(chronic lymphocytic leukemia, CLL)/小淋巴细胞淋巴瘤(small lymphocytic lymphoma, SLL)、复发的套细胞淋巴瘤(mantle cell lymphoma, MCL)、Waldenstr?m巨球蛋白血症(Waldenstr?m macroglobulinaemia, WM)和边缘区淋巴瘤等。在中国,伊布替尼也已于2017年获准治疗CLL/SLL和复发的MCL,2021年又获准治疗复发或难治的WM。随着上市地区和临床应用增多,人们对伊布替尼治疗的不同于既往化疗药物的独特不良反应有了更深的了解。伊布替尼治疗的严重不良反应发生率为1% ~ 9%,常见不良反应包括出血、腹泻、关节痛、心房颤动和感染等[2-4]。……

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