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基于实时荧光聚合酶链式反应技术定量检测肉制品中动物源性成分研究进展

2021-09-05马炳存崔学文李琰歆王灿贺巧玲曹乾超刘阳刘峥李增婷陈学强

肉类研究 2021年7期

马炳存 崔学文 李琰歆 王灿 贺巧玲 曹乾超 刘阳 刘峥 李增婷 陈学强

摘 要:实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(real-time polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)技术灵敏度高、特异性强,广泛用于肉制品中动物源性成分的定性、定量分析。已有多种基于RT-PCR技术的分析策略用于实现肉制品中动物源性成分的定量检测,已报道的定量分析策略各有优势及缺陷,目前尚无可推广的国家标准方法发布。本文针对采用RT-PCR技术对肉制品中动物源性成分定量检测的分析策略及其中的关键因素(结果表示形式、靶基因、DNA提取效率、DNA降解、扩增效率、标准物质、物种基因组大小)进行综述分析,为建立最优定量分析模型提供思路,期望找到操作简便、成本较低、可推广实施的定量分析策略,实现对肉制品中动物源性成分进行准确定量检测,促进国家标准检测方法的制定。

关键词:肉制品;动物源性成分;实时荧光聚合酶链式反应;定量分析策略;单拷贝基因

Abstract: Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been widely used in species identification and quantification in meat products with high sensitivity and specificity. There are now several RT-PCR-based quantification strategies for animal-derived ingredients in meat products. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, China does not currently have a national standard for this. In order to provide new ideas for developing an optimal quantitative model, this paper reviews and analyzes the RT-PCR-based quantification strategies and the key factors affecting them such as the form of expression of results, target genes, DNA extractability, DNA degradation, amplification efficiency, reference materials and genome size. This review will be useful for the development of an easy-to-operate, low-cost, widely applicable quantification strategy to help formulate a national standard based on RT-PCR assay.

Keywords: meat products; animal-derived ingredients; real-time polymerase chain reaction; quantification analysis strategy; signal-copy gene

DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210220-041

中图分类号:TS251.5                                        文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)07-0044-06

引文格式:

马炳存, 崔学文, 李琰歆, 等. 基于实时荧光聚合酶链式反应技术定量检测肉制品中动物源性成分研究进展[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(7): 44-49. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210220-041.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

MA Bingcun, CUI Xuewen, LI Yanxin, et al. A review of the application of real-time polymerase chain reaction for quantitative detection of animal-derived ingredients in meat products[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(7): 44-49. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210220-041.    http://www.rlyj.net.cn

我国[1]及欧盟[2]食品标准均要求肉制品包装标签上应明确标识产品中动物源性成分组成及含量,但市场上肉制品中动物源性成分含量虚标、掺假事件屡禁不止[3]。

肉制品掺假给消费者身体健康(过敏反应)、宗教信仰等方面带来风险,同时严重影响社会诚信体系[4]。在肉制品掺假形式层出不穷的情势下,对动物源性成分定性、定量鉴别技术的研究成为食品安全领域的研究热点[5-8]。……

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