金线莲及近缘种挥发油化学成分研究
2021-09-05钱丽萍陈阿虹陈婉清李唯彭华毅阙慧卿林绥
钱丽萍 陈阿虹 陈婉清 李唯 彭华毅 阙慧卿 林绥



【摘 要】 目的:分析比较不同生长期、不同产地的金线莲、台湾银线兰和滇南开唇兰挥发油化学成分。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,通过GC-MS检测,分析比较不同生长期、不同产地的金线莲、台湾银线兰和滇南开唇兰挥发油化学成分。结果:从1月龄、2月龄、6月龄福建三明金线莲、福建宁德金线莲、福建南平金线莲、台湾银线兰和滇南开唇兰中分别分离鉴定了13(1)、22(2)、28(3)、22(4)、10(5)、32(6)和53(7)个化合物,占挥发油总量的93.53%、96.98%、94.53%、92.44%、84.32%、89.16%和83.18%。其中,2,3,3-三甲基己烷、亚油酸和棕榈酸为共有成分,2,2,4,6,6,-五甲基庚烷,2,6,11,15-四甲基十六烷、2,6,10-三甲基十二烷、3,8-二甲基十一烷、4-乙基十一烷和5-(2-甲基丙基)壬烷为台湾银线兰和滇南开唇兰单独共有成分。结论:该研究为开唇兰属药用植物的进一步开发利用提供基础数据。
【关键词】 金线莲;台湾银线兰;滇南开唇兰;挥发油;气相色谱-质谱法
【中图分类号】R284.1 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)12-0017-08
Abstract:Objective Analyze chemical constituents of volatile oils from Anoectochilus roxburghii of different periods and regions,Anoectochilus formosanus and Anoectochilus burmannicus. Methods Volatile oils were subjected to GC-MS analysis,which extracted by water steam distillation from Anoectochilus roxburghii of different periods and regions,Anoectochilus formosanus and Anoectochilus burmannicus,and the chemical constituents of volatile oils from different samples were compared. Results 13(1),22(2),28(3),22(4),10(5),32(6) and 53(7) compounds were identified from Fujian Sanming A. roxburghii with one-month,two-month,six-month harvest period,Fujian Ningde A. roxburghii, Fujian Nanping A. roxburghii,A. formosanus and A. burmannicus,which were 93.53%,96.98%,94.53%,89.16% and 95.52% of the total volatile oils,respectively. Among them,2,3,3-Trimethylhexane,linoleic acid and palmitic acid were the common components,2,2,4,6,6-Pentamethylheptane,2,6,11,15-Tetramethylhexadecane,2,6,10-Trimethyldodecane,3,8-Dimethylundecane,4-Ethylundecane and 5-(2-Methylpropyl)nonane were the common components of Anoectochilus formosanus and Anoectochilus burmannicus alone. Conclusion This study provides basic data for the further development and utilization of medicinal plants of Anoectochilus.
Keywords:A. roxburghii; A. formosanus; A. burmannicus; Volatile oils; GC-MS
金线莲[Anoectochilus roxburghii(Wall.) Lindl.]是开唇兰属(Anoectochilus)草本植物,有“药王”“金草”的美称,别名金线兰、金蚕、金石松等[1-2],主要分布于福建、廣西、云南、台湾等地。金线莲全草入药,具有清热凉血、祛风利湿功效[3-4],主要用于糖尿病、血尿、风湿性关节炎等[5]。金线莲(Anoectochilus roxburghii)、台湾银线兰(Anoectochilus formosanus)和滇南开唇兰(Anoectochilus burmannicus)均来源于兰科开唇兰属,是亲缘关系相近的3种植物。台湾银线兰具有清火,解热,降血压的功效,用于治疗肝脾病、肺痨肺病、血热吐血、肝火等[6]。现代药理研究表明,三种植物的水提物、多糖、黄酮等活性成分,具有抗炎[7-9]、抗氧化[9-11]活性。金线莲作为民间名贵药材,其挥发油主要有棕榈酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等活性成分,具有抗肿瘤、免疫调节作用[12-13],而台湾银线兰和滇南开唇兰挥发油活性目前未见报道。……
