《金匮要略》“异病同治”的证治规律探析
2021-09-05欧慧萍吴趋荟徐慧范伏元
欧慧萍 吴趋荟 徐慧 范伏元



【摘 要】 异病同治在《金匮要略》中应用十分丰富。文章通过全面归纳分析《金匮要略》中“异病同治”的证治规律,笔者认为仲景“异病同治”相当于“一方多治”。张仲景“一方多治”的证治规律不仅包括异病、同证、同机、同治法;异病、异证、同因、同机、同治法;异病、异证、同位、同机、同治法;同时也包含同病、异证、同机、同治法。“异病同治”治略之思想关键在于疾病的病机,病机决定证候,病机为疾病治疗的核心。
【关键词】 金匮要略;异病同治;一方多治;张仲景
【中图分类号】R222 【文献标志码】 A 【文章编号】1007-8517(2021)14-0009-05
Abstract:The application of “the same treatment for different Disease” is applied frequently in Synopsis of golden Chamber. Through the comprehensive induction and analysis the rule of “the same treatment for different Disease” in the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, the authort hinks that Zhang zhongjing's “the same treatment for different Disease” is equivalent to “One prescription treat various diseases”. The rule of Zhang zhongjing's “One prescription treat various diseases” not only includes different diseases, the same syndrome, the same mechanism and the same treatment; Different diseases, different syndromes, the same cause, the same mechanism, the same treatment; Different diseases, different syndromes, the same position, the same mechanism, the same treatment; At the same time, it also includes the same disease, different syndromes, the same mechanism, the same treatment. The key to “the same treatment for different Disease” lies in the pathogenesis of the disease, which determines the syndromes and is the core of the disease treatment.
Keywords:Synopsis of the Golden Chamber; The Same Treatment for Different Disease; One Prescription Treat Various Diseases; ZHANG Zhongjing
《金匱要略》是中医经典著作之一,创立了辨证论治杂病诊疗体系,被后世尊称为方书之祖、医方之经,为治疗杂病的典范。“异病同治”首现《黄帝内经·素问》,《金匮要略》中对“异病同治”有丰富和灵活的运用,充分体现了张仲景辨证论治精神[1]。为垂诸仲景“异病同治”之法,以约言而析玄理,撷其粹,极其精核,以供医者参对。笔者以方剂为脉络,统计《金匮要略》中涉及“异病同治”的原文和经方,对医经进行前后联系,详其证候,析其治法,探其理而求其言。通过“方证互测”,寻“异病同治”之旨,启先圣之玄扄,探奇抉奥,以广其法,扩充经旨。本文就《金匮要略》教材中异病同治原文以及方证的状况作一分析。
1 资料与方法
1.1 资料来源 人民卫生出版社出版的国家卫生和计划生育委员会“十三五”规划教材、全国高等中医药教育教材《金匮要略讲义》(第3版)[2], 以下简称为本教材。
1.2 分析方法 首先将本教材中每一篇章、每一条原文录入数据库中,其次根据教材后面方剂索引,搜索所有方剂,建立方剂、方剂频次、章节、提及原文总数、章节具体原文、病证数据库。……
