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5种农药对大豆蚜虫的室内毒力与田间防效

2021-08-30蒋何雪吴晓峰孔玄庆罗泽伟金晨钟

安徽农业科学 2021年16期

蒋何雪 吴晓峰 孔玄庆 罗泽伟 金晨钟

摘要 为了筛选出防治大豆蚜虫高效的农药及用量,选用常见5种杀虫剂进行室内毒力测定和田间防效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明,5%啶虫脒乳油、20%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂、20%噻虫胺悬浮剂、5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐微乳剂、20%双甲脒乳油对大豆蚜虫的LC 50分别为3.172、0.328、4.889、4.516、2.108 mg/L;田间防效结果表明,5%啶虫脒乳油、20%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂、20%噻虫胺悬浮剂1 000倍液和20%双甲脒乳油1 000、2 000倍液对大豆蚜虫防效较好,药后3 d,防效分别为95.05%、94.74%、88.02%、89.67%和8702%,药后15 d,防效分别为92.01%、90.70%、88.28%、97.64%和88.35%。在大豆蚜虫的田间防治中,可推荐使用5%啶虫脒乳油、20%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂和20%噻虫胺悬浮剂1 000倍液和20%双甲脒乳油1 000~2 000倍液。

关键词 农药;大豆蚜虫;防效

中图分类号 S 48  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)16-0165-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.044   开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Indoor Toxicity and Field Control Effect of Five Pesticides on Soybean Aphid

JIANG He-xue1,WU Xiao-feng2,KONG Xuan-qing3  et  al

(1. Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Yongzhou,Yongzhou,Hunan  423000;2 .Yongzhou Institute of Agricultural Science,Yongzhou,Hunan 423000;3. Cooperative Innovation Center for Weed Control and Application in Farmland,Loudi,Hunan 413800)

Abstract In order to select effective pesticide and dosage for controlling  Aphis glycines ,five insecticides were selected for toxicity test and field control effect test. In the toxicity test, the LC 50 of 5% acetamiprid EC, 20% lambda-cyhalothrin EW, 20% clothianidin SC, 5% emamectin Benzoate ME and 20% amitraz EC were 3.172, 0.328, 4.889, 4.516 and 2.108 mg/L, respectively.In the field control effect test, 5% acetamiprid EC, 20% lambda-cyhalothrin EW, 20% clothianidin SC diluted 1 000 times and 20% amitraz EC diluted 1 000 and 2 000 times had better control effect on  Aphis glycines , the control effects were 95.05%, 94.74%, 88.02%, 89.67% and 87.02%, respectively 3 days after application, and 92.01%, 90.70%, 88.28%, 97.64% and 88.35% after 15 days.Therefore, 5% acetamiprid EC, 20% lambda-cyhalothri EW, 20% clothianidin SC diluted 1 000 times and 20% amitraz EC diluted 1 000-2 000 times could be recommended for field control of  Aphis glycines .

Key words Pesticides; Aphis glycines ;Control effect

大豆含有豐富的蛋白质,可直接或加工成豆制品供人食用,具有较高的营养价值,同时大豆也是我国主要的油料作物。近年来,大豆虫害的发生有明显加重趋势,影响大豆的产量与品质,虫害已成为影响大豆生产的主要因素之一[1],大豆害虫主要有斜纹夜蛾、大豆高隆象、大豆蚜等,其中大豆蚜( Aphis glycines )是危害大豆作物的主要害虫之一[2],属半翅目(Hemiptera)蚜科(Aphididae),蚜虫具有孤雌生殖和两性生殖2种繁殖方式,且繁殖周期短、年世代数多,容易大量暴发[3]。主要危害大豆顶叶的背面和嫩茎,吸食大豆汁液,导致叶片萎缩和发黄、植株发育受阻、植株矮小等,从而影响其光合作用,蚜虫大量暴发可导致大豆减产、植株死亡[4]。……

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