曹天棋 赵馨宇 杨舒涵 罗志文

摘要 [目的]探明应龙山森林公园昆虫多样性及生境情况，为保护生态系统提供科学依据。[主法]于2020年4—9月，采用样线法、黄盘法、网捕法在应龙山森林公园进行昆虫采集，按生境类型对采集到的昆虫进行种类鉴定和数量统计。[结果]共记录昆虫11目43科82属88种，共3 593只，优势种25种，其中采集到的鞘翅目种类最多，占29.39%，包括4种生境：林缘、灌丛、草甸、湿地，不同生境的昆虫个体数量为灌丛>草甸>林缘>湿地，且昆虫对于不同生境有相应的选择倾向，人为干扰较少的生境中昆虫种类丰富，昆虫多样性高且群落稳定性好。[结论]应龙山的昆虫多样性保护应首先倾向于对湿地、林缘区域采取措施。

关键词 应龙山森林公园;不同生境;昆虫群落;多样性

中图分类号 Q 968  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）16-0130-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.035   开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Diversity of Insect Communities in Different Habitats of Yinglongshan Forest Park

CAO Tian-qi， ZHAO Xin-yu， YANG Shu-han et al （Jiamusi University， Jiamusi， Heilongjiang 154007）

Abstract [Objective]To explore the insect diversity and habitat in Yinglongshan Forest Park and provide scientific basis for the protection of ecosystem. [Method]Insect collection was carried out in Yilongshan Forest Park from April 2020 to September 2020 by wire sampling， yellow disc and net trapping methods， and species identification and quantitative statistics were performed on the collected insects according to habitat type. [Result]A total of 3 593 insects belonging to 82 genera， 43 families， 11 orders were recorded in this survey， with 25 dominant species. Among them， the species of Coleoptera were the most， accounting for 29.39%， including four habitats： forest edge，shrubbery，grassy marshland and wetland. The order of individual number of insects in different habitats was shrubbery>grassy marshland>forest edge>wetland.The results of population analysis showed that insects had a tendency of selection for different habitats. There were abundant insect species， high insect diversity and good community stability in the habitats with less human disturbance， such as grassy marshland and shrubbery. [Conclusion]Insect diversity conservation should be favoured at first for wetlands， limbic areas where measures are to be taken.

Key words Yinglongshan Forest Park;Different habitats;Insect community;Diversity

物種多样性是人类可持续发展的重要基础，保护和利用生物多样性是国际社会普遍关注的问题。昆虫多样性的调查和监测是研究和利用昆虫多样性的基本前提，其重要性也是显而易见的。作为以生态学为基础的害虫生态调控，自然调节是生物密度制约的重要因子。近年来，通过改善农田生物多样性和强化农田生态系统保益控害的服务功能，实现作物病虫害生态调控已成为国内外研究的热点[1]。应龙山森林公园位于七台河市开发新区内，由于人们开发该地资源、增加基础设施，破坏了当地生态环境，导致昆虫群落多样性也受到了较大影响。为了掌握森林……