李许明 黄丽丹 霍婷 李福燕

摘要 以乐久村为研究对象，开展特色农产品中重金属的污染状况调查并对其污染源进行评价。采集当地种植点的水稻和土壤共39个样本，同时采集灌溉水源水样7个，进行重金属检测，采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法进行污染评价，同时对污染源进行分析。结果表明：水稻、土壤检测结果为清洁无污染水平，综合污染指数均小于0.7，稻米处于安全无污染水平。土壤和灌溉水中的重金属含量在限量标准内，其综合污染指数小于0.7，为清洁无污染水平，适合生产发展安全优质水稻。水稻重金属含量与土壤、灌溉水中重金属含量之间的相关性不显著。

关键词 重金属;优质稻;土壤;污染指数;污染源;崇左市边远山区

中图分类号 X 56  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）16-0103-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.027   开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Heavy Metal Content and Pollution Evaluation of High-quality Rice in Remote Mountainous Areas of Chongzuo City

LI Xu-ming，HUANG Li-dan，HUO Ting et al

（College of Biology and Bromatology，Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities，Chongzuo，Guangxi 532200）

Abstract This paper took Lejiu Village as the research object， conducted a survey on the pollution status of heavy metal in special agricultural products and evaluated its pollution sources.A total of 39 samples of rice and soil were collected from local planting sites， and 7 samples of irrigation water sources were collected for heavy metal detection. The single factor pollution index method and the Nemeiro comprehensive pollution index method were used for pollution evaluation， and pollution sources were analyzed at the same time.The results showed that the test results of rice and soil were clean and pollution-free， and the comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.7， and the rice was at a safe and pollution-free level.The heavy metal content in soil and irrigation water was within the limit standard， and its comprehensive pollution index was less than 0.7， which was a clean and pollution-free level， suitable for the production and development of safe and high-quality rice. The correlation between the heavy metal content of rice and the heavy metal content of soil and irrigation water was not significant.

Key words Heavy metals;High-quality rice;Soil;Pollution index;Pollution source;Remote mountainous areas of Chongzuo City

环境保护部和国土资源部对全国土壤污染状况调查结果发现，全国土壤环境状况总体不容乐观，耕地土壤点位超标率为19.4%，主要污染物为镉、镍、铜、砷、汞、铅、滴滴涕和多环芳烃[1]。除镉污染外，稻米中重金属 Pb、Hg 和 As 元素含量超标现象也时有发生[2-3]。农田土壤生态系统中，土壤重金属的积累与粮食作物吸收之间受各种环境条件的制约。我国粮食主产区重金属污染主要是由于大量化肥的施用、污水灌溉、大气污染沉降及污泥等[4-6]。目前关于农田作物重金属污染评价的结果主要分为三类：一类土壤与作物污染评价结果一致，二是土壤重金属超标但作物不超标，三是土壤重金属含量不超标但作物超标[7-8]。……