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黑皮鸡枞的分子鉴定与营养需求研究

2021-08-30罗影关永强贾培松赵振豪努尔孜亚亚力买买提魏鹏贾文捷

安徽农业科学 2021年16期

罗影 关永强 贾培松 赵振豪 努尔孜亚?亚力买买提 魏鹏 贾文捷

摘要 为了明确黑皮鸡枞的营养需求,促进其制种工艺的提高。以新疆麦盖提县人工栽培的菌株为试材,采用单因素试验分别对其母种和原种的营养需求进行试验。结果显示,黑皮鸡枞母种培养基中最佳碳源为麦芽糖,最佳氮源为酵母浸粉,加入1%的MgSO4、CaCl2及枣粉均能促进其菌丝生长,而NaCl和KH2PO4抑制其菌丝生长,菌丝培养最适温度为20~28  ℃,最适pH为5.5~6.0;原种培养基中将棉籽壳与木屑以7∶3比例混合作为主料使用效果明显。

关键词 黑皮鸡枞;ITS;营养需求

中图分类号 S 646  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)16-0044-07

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.013   开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Study of Molecular Identification and Nutritional Requirement of  Hymenopellis raphanipes

LUO Ying1,GUAN Yong-qiang2,JIA Pei-song1 et al (1.Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi,Xinjiang  830091; 2.Xinjiang Institute of  Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug,  Urumqi, Xinjiang  830002 )

Abstract To identify the effects of different nutrients on the mycelical growth of  Hymenopellis raphanipes,  and improve the level of strains production.The test was studied by single factor plate experiment, using a  Hymenopellis raphanipes  strain from Maigaiti County of Xinjiang as material.The results showed that the best carbon and nitrogen source were maltose and yeast extract respectively.The addition of 1% MgSO4, CaCl2 and jujube powder could promote the mycelial growth, while NaCl and KH2PO4 inhibited it.The optimal temperature range  was 20-28 ℃, and the optimal pH was 5.5-6.0.The mixture of cottonseed hull and sawdust at the ratio of 7∶3 was used as the main material.

Key words  Hymenopellis raphanipes; ITS;Nutritional requirement

黑皮雞枞 (Hymenopellis raphanipes), 又名二孢拟奥德蘑[1]、卵孢小奥德赛蘑、长根菇、长寿菇[2-3],是新近商业化栽培的热门食用菌。其在分类学上属担子门(Basidiomycota)、伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes)、伞菌目(Agaricales)、膨瑚菌(Physalacriaceae)[2]。该菌曾一度误认为是长根小奥德赛蘑 (Oudemansiella radicata)、鳞柄小奥德赛蘑(Oudemansiella furfuracea)及鸡枞菌(Termitomyces albuminosus) [4]。Hao等[4]基于ITS和LSU片段的分子系统学分析将该菌认定为 Oudemansiella raphanipes,分类学研究中把其划归为Hymenopellis 属[5]。但由于我 国Oudemansiella raphanipes首次报道卵孢小奥德赛蘑时拉丁文名为Oudemansiella raphanipes, 所以为避免学名混乱,国内一部分研究一直使用该名[6]。

黑皮鸡枞香味馥郁,肉质鲜嫩,含有丰富的氨基酸、蛋白质、多糖及矿物质元素等营养成分[7],并具有较高的药用价值,具有健脾益气、止痛消肿等功效[3, 8],是一种珍稀食药用真菌。目前对于黑皮鸡枞的研究,也涉及多个方面,包括子实体营养成分[7,9]、 化学成分及生物活性分析[8],原生质体的制备[10],液体培养基优化[3]及实际栽培中各项指标的研究[11-12]等。……

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