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温郁金脱毒快繁及移栽方法研究

2021-08-30郭月琴李帆姜程曦任仙樱

安徽农业科学 2021年16期

郭月琴 李帆 姜程曦 任仙樱

摘要 [目的]通过试验寻找出优良的温郁金脱毒苗的制备方法及栽培方法。[方法]通过固定其中一个条件不变,改变其他因素,验证出较好的温郁金根状茎消毒方法,及其丛生芽的诱导、愈伤、继代、分化、生根培养方法。[结果]温郁金根状茎的消毒方法为流水冲洗30~50 min,再用70%乙醇和10%过氧化氢先后消毒20~40 s和6~8 min,然后用无菌水重新冲洗3~4次。丛生芽诱导培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L,愈伤、继代、分化、生根培养基分别为MS+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+KT 5.0 mg/L、MS+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L、MS+KT 5.0 mg/L + NAA 0.3 mg/L、MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L。[结论]通过对脱毒苗制备过程的条件控制,使温郁金脱毒苗品质较高以及脱毒率可以达到100%,另外提供科学的栽培方法,使所制备的脱毒苗栽培育苗后成活率达到100%,且幼苗健壮。

关键词 温郁金;脱毒苗;制备方法;移栽方法

中图分类号 S 567.23+9  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611(2021)16-0040-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.16.012   开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Study on the Rapid Propagation and Transplanting Methods of Virus-free Seedling of  Curcuma wenyujin

GUO Yue-qin1,2,LI Fan2,JIANG Cheng-xi1,3 et al (1.College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035;2.Institute of Life Sciences,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035;3.Wenzhou Ejin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Yueqing,Zhejiang 325600)

Abstract [Objective]The preparation method and cultivation method of excellent  Curcuma wenyujin  virus-free seedlings were found through experiments.[Method]By fixing one of the conditions unchanged and changing other factors, a better disinfection method of  Curcuma wenyujin  rhizomes, and the induction, callus, subculture, differentiation, and rooting culture methods of cluster buds were verified.[Result]The disinfection method of  Curcuma wenyujin  rhizoma tympanum was to flush the rhizoma tympanum by running water for 30-50 minutes, then disinfect it with 70% ethanol and 10% hydrogen peroxide for 20-40 s and 6-8 minutes successively, and then rinse it again with sterile water for 3-4 times.The cluster bud induction medium was MS+6-BA 3.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L.The media for callus, subculture, differentiation and rooting were MS+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L+KT 5.0 mg/L, MS+2,4-D 1.0 mg/L+KT 0.5 mg/L, MS +KT 5.0 mg/L + NAA 0.3 mg/L, MS+NAA 1.0 mg/L.[Conclusion]By controlling the conditions in the preparation process of virus-free seedlings, the quality of  Curcuma wenyujin  virus-free seedlings is higher and the virus-free rate can reach 100%,and by providing scientific cultivation methods, the survival rate of the prepared virus-free seedlings after cultivation and nursery can reach 100%, and the seedlings are robust.

Key words  Curcuma wenyujin; Virus-free seedlings;Preparation method;Transplanting method

溫郁金 (Curcuma wenyujin) 系浙江南部地区种植的一种姜科姜黄属植物,其块根、根茎可供药用,块根加工成的药材温郁金是浙江省著名道地药材“浙八味”之一[1]。目前,温郁金的野生种已罕见,以人工栽培为主。温郁金喜温暖湿润、阳光充足的气候,耐旱抗涝,但怕霜冻,适宜在土质疏松、排水良好、土层深厚的冲积土、砂壤土中生长[2-5]。温郁金开花很少,种子多不充实,栽培上用种姜根茎繁殖。温郁金年生长周期约250 d,一般4月上旬(清明前后)种植,12月中上旬收获[6]。

随着工农业生产的发展,土壤污染日益严重,尤其是土壤中有害重金属积累到一定程度就会对土壤-植物系统产生毒害,不仅导致土壤退化,还会引起农作物产量和品质降低,危及人类生命和健康。……

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