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“计量时间”单元解读与教学建议

2021-08-29姜向阳

科教导刊 2021年36期

姜向阳

摘要核心概念的进阶式学习,有利于促进学生高阶思维与科学素养的发展。“计量时间”单元教学内容通过统整设计,使每课的知识学习目标呈螺旋上升的进阶关系,并最终指向单元的核心概念。该单元的学习内容以技术与工程实践为主,让学生了解并经历史上几个比较典型计时工具的设计制作,体验工程技术的实践过程。因此,本单元的教学要突出技术与工程实践,指向科学概念、发展科学思维。

关键词工程技术;科学实践;大概念;學习进阶

中图分类号:G424文献标识码:ADOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdk.2021.36.017

Interpretation of "Measuring Time" Unit and Teaching Suggestions

JIANG Xiangyang

(Binjiang Education Research Institute,Hangzhou High-tech Industrial Development Zone,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310052)

Abstract:The advanced learning of core concepts is conducive to promoting the development of students,high-level thinking and scientific literacy. Through the integrated design of the teaching content of the unit measuring time,the knowledge learning objectives of each lesson show an advanced relationship of spiral rise,and finally point to the core concept of the unit. The learning content of this unit focuses on technology and engineering practice,so that students can understand and experience the practical process of engineering technology through the design and production of several typical timing tools in history. Therefore,the teaching of this unit should highlight technology and engineering practice,point to scientific concepts and develop scientific thinking.

Keywords:engineering technology;scientific practice;big concept;advanced learning

自人类具有“时间”概念以来,人们不断地寻求着准确计量时间的方法。古人经过长期观测和生活经验,发现太阳等天体在天空有规律地进行着周期性运动。根据太阳东升西落的周期性,形成了历法并以此描述时间,“日”成了最早的时间单位。为了更精确地了解一天内的时间进程,古人发明了日晷、沙漏、水钟等计时工具。随着社会的发展,人们逐渐意识到精确计量时间的必要性和重要性。回顾科学发展史,我们可以清楚地看到,计时工具的发展史是与人类文明发展史同步的。

学生在“计量时间”单元的学习中,要大致了解并重复人类计时工具发展的几个比较典型的阶段,从燃香钟到水钟,再到摆钟。学生要学会观察、研究这些不同计时工具的差异性,了解它们保障计时准确的科学原理,在此基础上模拟、设计、制作水钟和钟摆等计时工具,体验工程技术的实践过程。……

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