李梦雄

摘 要：焊接工艺是汽车白车身生产过程中经常用到的工艺，其在汽车四大生产工艺中占据重要位置，也是衡量一个车企整体生产工艺水平的重要标志，其焊接质量的好坏不但决定着汽车的安全性能，也与汽车外观的美观性息息相關。其中在整车个白车身焊接过程中，点焊工艺又是应用最多的一种焊接工艺，本文通过在汽车车身点焊工作过程中所学习到的一些焊接方法和部分专业知识，从点焊的工艺特点、质量控制手段、质量检测手段等方面来探讨和分析白车身点焊过程中其外观焊点的质量控制手段及方法。

关键词：汽车 点焊 焊点 工艺 质量检测 控制

Welding Quality Inspection and Control Analysis of Welding Spots on Car Body Exterior

Li Mengxiong

Abstract：Welding process is a process often used in the production process of automobile body-in-white. It occupies an important position in the four major production processes of automobiles. It is also an important indicator of the overall production process level of a car company. The quality of its welding not only determines the safety performance of a car， but also is closely related to the aesthetics of the car's appearance. Among them， the spot welding process is the most used welding process in the welding process of the whole vehicle and the body in white. This article uses some welding methods and some professional knowledge learned in the process of auto body spot welding. The article discusses and analyzes the process characteristics， quality control methods， quality inspection methods and other aspects during the spot welding of the body-in-white.

Key words：automobile， spot welding， solder joint， process， quality inspection， control

1 引言

随着人们对汽车产品的安全性和美观性要求越来越高，这就要求车企不但在整车性能和外观上提升竞争力，更要在细节生产工艺上提升制造水平，其中汽车焊点的焊接质量控制上要更要精益求精。因此作为影响汽车安全和美观性能之一的点焊工艺，其焊点质量和美观性控制的好坏一定程度上影响着用户对整车品牌的选择性。下面将从点焊的质量控制要求，点焊焊点常见的缺陷，点焊焊点质量评价方法等方面来简要阐述车身焊点的质量控制手段。

2 车身外观焊点质量要求

2.1 点焊的原理

将待焊的金属零件交叠搭接起来，置放于上下铜电极之间，然后施加一定的电极压力，将两个或三个零件压紧。然后施加一定的电流，电流流经焊机机臂……