田程　边嘉宸　魏蜀红　王骁

摘 要：人们对汽车座舱的空气质量关注度日益提高，空调滤清器在实际工况下的性能优劣起到关键作用。针对现有研究结果和现行标准中缺少温度处理后的性能试验，研究了空调滤清器在极端工作环境下的性能趋势，对空调滤清器进行了-40℃～120℃温度处理24h、高温100℃和低温-40℃不同处理时长后的性能试验，得出了高温会使压力降上升，分级过滤效率下降，储灰量下降的结论，为进一步提高车用空调滤清器的性能提供了参考，具有重要意义。

关键词：车用空调滤清器 颗粒物 温度处理 分级过滤效率 压力降

Research on the Influence of Ambient Temperature on Air-conditioning Filters for Vehicles

Tian Cheng Bian Jiachen Wei Shuhong Wang Xiao

Abstract：People are paying more and more attention to the air quality in the car cabin， and the performance of the air-conditioning filter under actual working conditions plays a key role. In view of the existing research results and the lack of performance tests after temperature treatment in the current standards， the performance trend of air-conditioning filters under extreme working environments was studied， and the air-conditioning filters were treated at -40℃～120℃ for 24h. The performance test after different treatment time at 100°C and low temperature -40°C has concluded that high temperature will increase the pressure drop， reduce the classification filtration efficiency， and reduce the ash storage capacity， which provides for further improvement of the performance of the car air-conditioning filter， and the reference is of great significance.

Key words：car air-conditioning filter， particulate matter， temperature treatment， graded filtration efficiency， pressure drop

1 引言

汽車保有量的逐年增多，由于交通拥堵人们在交通工具上，特别是汽车座舱内待的时间越来越长，而且道路周边的空气质量往往非常差，如图1所示，人们对汽车座舱的空气质量关注度日益提高。为了减轻车外空气通过空调系统进入车内造成的污染，空调滤清器作为汽车的“口罩”，其性能的优劣起到关键作用。目前常用的空调滤清器材料主要包括聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚四氟乙烯材料以及纺粘滤料等。通过静电纺丝、电晕放电和摩擦起电都可使纤维带电[1]，可以过滤介质中的微小粒子，改善其过滤效率。目前所常见的注入静电的方式是电晕放电。汽车空调过滤器是在无纺布纤维上通过电晕放电的方式注入静电，使得过滤纤维在微观上是带电的而整体呈电中性，同时来自外界的细小微粒本身也具有极弱的正电荷或负电荷。……