王启俊 宁业高

摘 要：民俗是一个社会群体在长期的生产实践和社会生活中逐渐形成并世代相传、较为稳定的文化事项。巢湖流域民俗文化源远流长，据已有古籍文献记载和新近出土实物推测，现在巢湖流域流行的民俗，如在房屋中居住、在黄土中埋葬、在婚庆时“说好”、在新年时的“祈福、求富”等，都与远古有巢氏文明有着若明若暗的关联。有巢氏部落因“构木为巢”而名垂史册，并在“巢居”“土葬”等方面做出了具有首创意义的革新和实践，而由此而体现出来的创新意识、担当意识和以人为本的情怀，积厚流光，值得后人敬仰和发扬。

关键词：巢湖民俗;有巢氏文化;巢居;丧葬;说好;迎富;根植与流响

中图分类号：G127  文獻标识码：A  文章编号：

1672-1101（2021）03-0063-06

收稿日期：2021-02-23

作者简介：王启俊（1974-），男，安徽六安人，副教授，硕士，研究方向：地方民俗文化，训诂学。

Roots and Influences of Culture Gene of Folk Customs and Youchaoshi in Chaohu Basin

WANG Qijun1，NING Yegao2

（1.School of Basic Courses， Hefei Technology College， Hefei  230012，China;2.Library， University of Science and Technology of China， Hefei  230026，China）

Abstract： Folk custom is a relatively stable cultural item which is gradually formed and passed down from generation to generation in the long-term production practice and social life of a social group. The Chaohu Lake basin has a long history of folk customs. According to many relevant historical literature and newly unearthed objects， some popular customs such as "living in houses， burial in loess， good wish expression at weddings and pray for well-being and wealth" are more or less relative to the ancient culture of Youchao. The Youchaoshi tribe was famous for their nests built in wood and made innovation and practice with pioneering significance in the aspects of living in nests and burial. Their sense of innovation and responsibility and people-oriented feelings are worthy of being respected and carried forward by later generations.

Key words：Chaohu folk customs; Youchaoshi Culture; living in nests; burial; good wish expression; fortune welcoming;roots and influences

民俗多是一种源于生活植于群体流于社会的民间风俗，是由百姓所创造、享用和传承的地方文化。清纯的民俗属于中国优秀传统文化，是一种推进社会文明、优化人性世风的或显或隐或强或弱的潜动力与正能量。巢湖流域，千年以来，大凡善良官吏和睿智父老无不重视乡风教化与民俗清化。《庐州府志》编纂者将“风俗”放在“卷一”，与“分野”“疆域”“形胜”看得一样重要。诚如在序言中所说：“安徽于天下地形，略当南北之中;而庐州又当安徽之中者也。夫南人之美文秀，而其敝佻巧;北人美质厚，而其敝粗厉。今庐州居南北之中，所愿民俗兼有南北之美而去其敝而已。……