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跨境数据流动中的基本安全利益例外

2021-08-23杨璐

摘 要:《区域全面经济伙伴协定》首次将基本安全利益例外条款纳入跨境数据流动规则中,并不允许其他成员国提出异议。其内涵并非一成不变,但始终与一国根本的国家安全紧密相关且不具有歧视性,需要各国遵循善意原则加以合理援引,否则易造成条款的滥用。为确保我国跨境数据流动管理模式与国际规则的衔接,在加入《区域全面经济伙伴协定》后,我国需要数据分类管理制度、加强技术安全建设,实现保障本国基本安全利益与促进数据自由跨境流动的平衡状态。

关键词:基本安全利益;跨境数据流动;数据本地化

中图分类号:D996  文献标识码:A  文章编号:

1672-1101(2021)03-0043-06

收稿日期:2021-01-18

作者简介:杨璐(1996-),女,浙江宁波人,在读硕士,研究方向:国际经济法。

Essential security interests exception in cross border data flow

Yang Lu

(School of International law, East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai  201620,China)

Abstract: For the first time, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement has incorporated the essential security interests exception clause into the cross-border data flow rules, which does not allow other Member States to raise objections. Although its connotation is not unchangeable, its always closely related to a country's fundamental national security and is not discriminatory. It needs countries to follow the principle of good faith to reasonably invoke it, otherwise it is easy to cause the abuse of the clause. In order to ensure the connection between China's cross-border data flow management mode and international rules, after joining the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, China needs to build a data classification management system, strengthen the construction of technical security, so as to achieve the balance between safeguarding the essential security interests and promoting the free cross-border flow of data.

Key words:essential security interests; cross border data flow; data localization

2020年11月15日,跨越8年歷经31轮谈判的《区域全面经济伙伴协定》(以下简称RCEP)在15国领导人的共同见证下正式签署,标志着全球范围内覆盖人口最广、经贸规模最大、发展潜力强劲的自由贸易区已经建立,东亚经贸一体化就此迎来里程碑式的跨越。在第12章电子商务章节中,RCEP就当前蓬勃发展的跨境数据流动作出了详细规定,既包含了与《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(CPTPP)、《美墨加协议》(USMCA)、《跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》(TPP)等代表现有国际经贸规则中电子商务主要立场的协定一脉相承的内容,又结合实际情况加以完善和创新,其中较为突出的一点在于计算设施位置和跨境数据流动领域中基本安全利益例外的增设,具……

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