张玲 张东来

摘 要：为建成多目标、稳定的林下复合经营生态系统，提高本地区生态系统的多样性，最大限度地开发生物资源的潜力，提供林区发展技术支撑，本文研究牡丹江地区低质低效红松次生林林下经济植物复合经营模式对群落物种多样性的影响。以样方调查数据为基础，采用物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数，分析不同复合经营模式下群落物种现状。研究发现：①该林区次生林下分布高等植物71种，隶属于37科，21属;②复合经营模式下物种多样性指数比对照低;③复合经营模式不同生活型物种丰富度和辛普森指数表现由高到低为：草本层、灌木层、乔木层。④不同复合经营模式对林分物种多样性指数影响差异不显著。结果表明，复合经营模式会不同程度地改变地上群落结构，初期表现为干扰，逐渐将提高物种丰富度和资源利用效率，并恢复生态系统功能。

关键词：红松次生林;复合经营;模式;物种多样性

中图分类号：S722    文献标识码：A   文章编号：1006-8023（2021）04-0040-07

Study of Different Compound Management Modes on Species

Diversity in Secondary Forest

ZHANG Ling1， ZHANG Donglai2*

（1. Heilongjiang Forestry Institute， Harbin 150081， China; 2.Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry， Harbin 150081，China）

Abstract：In order to structure a multi-object and stable forest ecosystem， improve the biodiversity of local ecosystem， maximize the potential of biological resources， and provide technical support for forest development，this paper discussed the effects of economic plant compound management modes on community species diversity of low quality and low efficiency secondary forest in Mudanjiang. Based on the survey data， species richness index， evenness index and diversity index were used to analyze the status of community species under different complex management modes. The study found that： ① 71 species of higher plants were investigate under the secondary forest， belonging to 21 genera and 37 families; ② The species diversity index of the compound management modes were lower than that of the control; ③ The species richness and Simpson index of different life forms in the compound management mode were higher in the herb layer than in the shrub layer than in tree layer. ④ There were no significant differences in the effects of different compound manage modes on the species diversity index. These results indicated that the above ground community structure would be changed by the compound management mode， and the initial performance was disturbance， which would gradually improve the species richness and resource utilization efficiency， and restore the ecosystem function.

Keywords：Korean pine secondary forest; compound management; mode; biodiversity

收稿日期：2021-02-05

基金項目：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目（CZKYF2020B013）;十三五重点研发课题（2016YFC0500308）;中央财政推广项目（TG07）

第一作者简介：张玲，博士，副研究员。研究方向为植物学。E-mail： slyszl@163.com

*通信作者：张东来，硕士，副研究员。研究方向为森林培育。E-mail： slkyzdl@163.com

引文格式：张玲， 张东来.红松次生林下不同复合经营模式物种多样性研究[J].森林工程，2021，37（4）：

40-46.

ZHANG L， ZHANG D L. Study of different compound management modes on species diversity in secardary forest [J]. Forest Engineering，2021，37（4）：40-46.

0 引言

生態系统是生物和非生物群落相互作用的综合体[1]，这些相互作用决定了生态系统服务的数量和质量[2]。……