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小模数弧齿锥齿轮的精确建模与齿面接触仿真

2021-08-21王君毅黄冠锋李兴强张华

机电工程技术 2021年12期
关键词:仿真

王君毅 黄冠锋 李兴强 张华

摘要:双重双面法铣齿加工是小模数弧齿锥齿轮的主要加工方法,传统双重双面法的齿面啮合状况需要人工调整,过程繁琐且齿面接触质量难以保证。针对小模数弧齿锥齿轮双重双面法加工的特点,建立了双重双面法加工坐标系,按照齿面加工参数和刀具参数,由刀具的切削锥面方程,经过坐标变换推导被加工齿面的齿面方程,并计算得到齿面上关键点的坐标值,利用这些关键点坐标,可以创建理论齿面片的三维模型,进而创建了齿轮副的整体三维模型。利用计算机数值仿真技术,对齿轮副进行了齿面啮合仿真。根据仿真结果,可以调整齿面加工参数,以改善齿面的接触情况,减少目前齿面接触区要依靠人工调整的繁琐过程。在提升齿面啮合质量的同时,也提高了齿轮副的实际生产效率。

关键词:小模数弧齿锥齿轮;双重双面法;三维模型;仿真

中图分类号:TH132.421             文献标志码:A        文章编号:1009-9492(2021)12-0071-04

The Pricesion Model and Tooth Surface Contact Simulation on Small ModuleSpiral Bevel Gears

Wang Junyi1,2,Huang Guanfeng2,Li Xingqiang1,2,Zhang Hua3

(1. Guangdong Enterprise Key Laboratory of Precision Gear Digital Flexible Manufacturing Equipment Technology, Zhongshan, Guangdong528400, China;2. Zhongshan MLT CNC Technology Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, Guangdong 528400, China;3. College of Mechanical and ElectricalEngineering, Zhongshan Polytechnic, Zhongshan, Guangdong 528437, China)

Abstract: Duplex  spread-blade  method  is the  main  processing  of traditional  small  module  spiral  bevel  gears. For traditional  duplex spread-blade method, the meshing contact between the two tooth surfaces often depends on complex manual adjustment, which is the fundamental reason why it is difficult to improve the tooth surface contact performance. For the duplex spread-blade method, according to the gear machining parameters and head-cutter parameters, the tooth surface equation was derived from the head-cutter cone surface equation by coordinates transformation, and the coordinates of the key tooth surface points was calculated. Using the key points coordinates, the theoretical tooth surface 3D model was created, and then the 3D model of the gears were created. With computer numerical simulation technology, the tooth surface meshing status was simulated. According to simulation results, the tooth surface machining parameters can be adjusted to improve meshing performance, and reduce the process of manual contact bearing adjustment. The research can improve the tooth meshing quality, and also improve the machining efficiency of spiral bevel gears.

Key words: small module spiral bevel gear; duplex spread-blade method;3D modle; simulation

0 引言

小模數弧齿锥齿轮在相交轴传动中应用广泛,在电动工具、园林工具、缝纫设备、机械仪表、汽车等行业,市场需求量巨大。由于其模数小且生产批量大,大轮和小轮的通常采用同一把双面铣刀盘同时加工出轮齿的两个齿面,这种加工组合方法称为“双重双面法”[1]。采用“双重双面法”铣齿调整计算过程简单,具有较高的切削效率。该方法采用双重收缩设计,仅仅可以保证大、小轮在齿面计算点处的螺旋角和压力角一致,即只能保证接触区在齿面上的位置,不能保证接触区的形状,这就从根本上限制了齿轮副啮合性能的提升。……

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