郖冠星 张健飞

摘要：高过载配电变压器具有节能环保、无功损耗低、空载电流小、抗突发短路能力强等良好性能，在年平均负荷低、负荷季节性强、负荷波动大的农村电网中的应用越来越广。根据高过载的性能要求，分析了高过载配电变压器的设计思路及要点和绝缘材料对高过载性能的影响，基于此试制了样机，并对其进行过负载曲线温升计算验证和过负载能力试验证其高过载性能。依据标准中推荐的综合能效费用的计算方法对高过载配电变压器进行经济性能分析。结果表明，提出的高过载配电变压器的设计思路具有可行性和经济性，为高过载配电变压器设计和推广应用提供参考。

关键词：高过载配电变压器;绝缘材料;验证;经济性能

中图分类号：TM41文献标志码：A文章编号：1009-9492（2021）12-0246-05

Key Technology and Economic Performance Analysis of HighOverload Distribution Transformer

Xuan Guanxing，Zhang Jianfei

（ Pearl Electric Co. ，Ltd. ，Guangzhou 511400，China ）

Abstract：High overload distribution transformers have good performance such as energy saving and environmental protection，low reactive power loss，small no-load current，strong anti-sudden short circuit ability and so on. They have been used more and more widely in rural power grids with low annual average load，strong seasonal load and large load fluctuation. Based on the performance requirements of high overload，thedesign ideas and key points of high overload distribution transformers and the influence of insulation materials on high overload performancewere analyzed，according to the design idea and the selection principle of insulating material，the prototype was tri-manufactured and its high overload performance was verified by the temperature rise calculation of the load curve and the over-load capacity test. According to the calculation method of comprehensiveenergy efficiency cost recommended in thestandard，theeconomicperformanceof thehigh overload distribution transformer was analyzed. The results verify the feasibility and economy of the design idea of high-overload distribution transformers and provide reference for the design and popularization of high-overload distribution transformers.

Key words：high overload distribution transformer;insulation material;verification;economic performance

0 引言

隨着我国经济的快速发展，农村及偏远地区用电设备逐渐多样化，居民用电量不断增长，部分地区用电增长量超过了电网规划时的预留容量，形成“过负荷”现象，进而影响农村电网的正常供电，使一些地区在用电高峰时期出现停电现象，严重影响居民的正常生活。解决配电变压器过载运行问题的方法有几种：一种是单纯增加配电变压器的容量，但这样不仅造成电网投资成本的提高，且增加了变压器的空载损耗;另一种是根据居民用电情况选用调容变压器，但这种变压器的投资成本也很高，所以针对农村用电高过载情况，在一定时间段内具有较强的负载运行能力的高过载配电变压器是比较经济和有效[1]。……