[摘要]目的：探讨即刻种植与常规种植对牙齿缺失患者种植修复及美学效果的影响。方法：选取2018年1月-2019年1月笔者医院口腔科收治的88例牙齿缺失患者为研究对象，按随机数字表法将其分为对照组（n=44）和观察组（n=44）。对照组给予常规种植法进行治疗，观察组给予即刻种植法进行治疗，两组术后均随访6个月。比较术后6个月的种植修复效果，术后1、3、6个月的牙周组织健康情况及美学效果评分，统计两组治療期间的并发症总发生率。结果：观察组种植修复优良率为93.18%，高于对照组的72.73%（P<0.05）。术后1、3、6个月，两组牙周袋深度均呈逐渐降低趋势，且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05），两组ISQ值均呈逐渐升高趋势，且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05），两组PES、WES评分均呈逐渐升高趋势，但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组并发症总发生率为4.55%，对照组为9.09%，但两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：即刻种植法与常规种植法均可改善牙齿缺失患者的美学效果，安全性均较高，但相比常规种植法，即刻种植法可维持患者牙周组织健康，提高种植修复效果。

[关键词]即刻种植;常规种植;牙齿缺失;美学效果;并发症

[中图分类号] R782.12    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）07-0128-04

Compare the Effects of Immediate Dental Implantation and Conventional Dental Implantation on Implant Restoration Effect and Aesthetic Effect in Patients with Missing Teeth

LUO Chun-rui

（Department of Stomatology， Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University， Panzhihua 617000，Sichuan，China）

Abstract： Objective To investigate the effect of immediate dental implantation and conventional dental implantation on implant restoration effect and aesthetic effects in patients with missing teeth. Methods  88 patients with missing teeth admitted to our department of stomatology between January 2018 and January 2019 were selected as the research object， and they were divided into the control group （n=44） and the observation group （n=44） according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional dental implantation， and the observation group was treated with immediate dental implantation， both groups were followed up for 6 months after surgery. The implant restoration effect at 6 months after operation， the periodontal tissue health and aesthetic effect scores 1， 3， and 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups; the total incidence of complications during the treatment period was counted. Results  The excellent rate of implant restoration in the observation group was 93.18%， which was obviously higher than that in the control group （72.73%） （P<0.05）. The depth of periodontal pockets in both groups decreased gradually at 1， 3， and 6 months after surgery， and the observation group were obviously lower than the control group （P<0.05）. The value of ISQ in the two groups showed a gradual increase trend， and the observation group was obviously higher than the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of PES and WES in the two groups were gradually increasing， but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups （P>0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was 4.55%， the incidence of complications in the control group was 9.09%， but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion Immediate dental implantation and conventional dental implantation can improve the aesthetic effect of patients with missing teeth， and the safety is higher， but compared with conventional dental implantation， immediate dental implantation can maintain the healthy periodontal tissue of patients and improve the effect of implant restoration.

Key words：immediate dental implantation;conventional dental implantation; missing teeth; aesthetic effects; complications

牙齿缺失是口腔科常见疾病，该病不仅影响患者外观形象，严重者甚至还会造成口腔功能障礙，进一步影响其胃肠功能[1-2]。随着口腔修复技术的不断发展，种植体修复手术逐渐被广泛应用于牙齿缺失的修复中，其中常规种植牙法属延迟种植法，该手术可在一定程度上达到修复效果，但由于治疗周期长，易导致口腔滋生细菌，导致多数患者治疗依从性差，影响预后[3]。即刻种植法是指在患牙拔除后，立即在患者新鲜拔牙创内植入种植体的方法，其相比常规种植治疗周期短，可减少对患者牙槽骨的磨损[4]。本研……