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皮肤脂质及其与皮肤健康的关系

2021-08-19许文君陈园园陈田袁超

中国美容医学 2021年7期

许文君 陈园园 陈田 袁超

[摘要]皮肤是人体最外层的保护器官,直接与外界环境接触,而包围皮肤的皮脂膜则为皮肤提供屏障保护。皮脂膜由皮脂腺内积聚的皮脂排出皮肤后,与汗腺分泌的汗液及角质细胞崩解产生的脂质,在皮肤角质层表面形成。正常的皮脂膜可滋润皮肤、维持人体皮肤表面常驻菌的生态稳定性、抗感染、提供皮肤屏障、调节并维持皮肤健康。文章简单综述皮肤表面脂质组成,及其与皮肤状态的关系。

[关键词]皮肤;脂质;皮肤微生态;皮肤屏障;皮肤状态

[中图分类号]R322.99    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)07-0168-04

Skin Lipids and the Relationship with Skin Health

XU Wen-jun1,CHEN Yuan-yuan1,CHEN Tian1,YUAN Chao2

(1.Shanghai Jahwa United Co..Ltd.Shanghai 200082,China;2.Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital,Shanghai 200050,China)

Abstract: The skin is the body's outermost protective organ, and the sebum membrane surrounding the skin provides barrier protection. Sebum membrane is formed on the cuticle surface of the skin after the sebum accumulated in the sebaceous glands is excreted from the skin, and the lipid produced by the sweat secreted by the sweat glands and the keratinocytes is disintegrated. Normal sebum membrane can moisturize the skin, maintain the ecological stability of resident bacteria on the skin surface,resist infection,provide skin barrier and maintain skin health. Article reviews the composition of lipids on the skin surface and the relationship between lipids and skin conditions.

Key words:skin;lipids;skin micro-ecology;skin barrier;skin conditions

皮肤是人类与外界环境接触的最大器官,覆盖全身,是身体其他器官最外层的保护伞。它表面有一层由皮脂腺脂质、汗液、角质细胞脂质融合而成的皮脂膜,除了润泽皮肤外,它可以减少皮肤表面水分蒸发,阻隔外界粉尘污垢、刺激物等侵入皮肤,为皮肤提供天然的屏障保护层,是维持皮肤健康的重要结构。脂质作为皮肤屏障的主要部分,其成分、含量或分配比例发生变化,都会影响皮肤状态。本文就皮肤脂质组成及其对皮肤健康状态的影响作归纳总结。

1  脂质的组成

根据来源划分,脂质分为皮脂腺脂质与细胞间脂质。据文献报道[1-2],75%~90%的皮肤脂质来源于皮脂腺分泌,由皮脂腺直接分泌至皮肤表面,包括:甘油三酯、脂肪酸、角鲨烯、蜡酯、胆固醇和胆固醇酯。其中,角鲨烯、蜡酯只由皮脂腺分泌所得,且新鲜分泌的皮脂腺脂质并不含有脂肪酸,而是经细菌和酵母菌脂肪酶水解甘油三酯所产生。……

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