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表面活性剂应用于次氯酸钠根管冲洗液中的作用效果及研究进展

2021-08-19姜婉祎王晓峰

中国美容医学 2021年7期

姜婉祎 王晓峰

[摘要]次氯酸钠作为世界范围内最常用的根管冲洗液,具有广谱抗菌能力及组织溶解能力。次氯酸钠的化学性质及根管冲洗效果受众多因素影响,如:浓度、温度及冲洗时间,但其最主要的缺点是过高的表面张力,导致其在根尖部以及侧支根管处的冲洗效果受到一定程度的限制。近年来,采用添加表面活性剂的次氯酸钠溶液,可以降低次氯酸钠的表面张力,提高次氯酸钠溶液在牙本质表面的润湿性,增加其在牙本质小管中的渗透作用,达到更好的根管冲洗效果,故越来越受到医药制剂行业和临床医生的重视,具有广阔的医疗前景。

[关键词]次氯酸钠;根管冲洗;表面张力;表面活性剂

[中图分类号]R782.3    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)07-0186-03

Effect and Research Progress of Surfactant Used in Sodium Hypochlorite

Root Canal Rinse

JIANG Wan-yi,WANG Xiao-feng

(Department of Stomatology,the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150000,Heilongjiang,China)

Abstract: Sodium hypochlorite,as the most commonly used root canal irrigating solution in the world,has broad-spectrum antibacterial ability and tissue solubility.The chemical properties of sodium hypochlorite and the effect of root canal washing are influenced by many factors, such as concentration, temperature and washing time. However, the main disadvantage of sodium hypochlorite is its high surface tension, which limits its washing effect at the root tip and lateral branch root canal to some extent.In recent years, the use of sodium hypochlorite solution with surfactant can reduce the surface tension of sodium hypochlorite, improve the wettability of sodium hypochlorite solution on the surface of dentin, increase its permeability in dentin tubules, and achieve better root canal flushing effect. Therefore, it has been paid more and more attention by the pharmaceutical industry and clinicians, and has a broad medical prospect.

Key words:sodium hypochlorite; root canal irrigation; surface tension; surface active agent

在機械预备过程中及根管成型后,适量的根管冲洗液不但能消毒根管系统,还能有效溶解感染的牙髓组织,带走根管内的大量碎屑,提高机械预备的效率[1]。研究发现,牙本质小管内细菌侵入是一个潜在的持续性感染因素,粪肠球菌侵入牙本质小管和牙骨质交界之间的距离,在感染3周后可达到1 000?m[2]。因此,冲洗液渗透到牙本质小管的深度可能会影响其有效性,有助于提高根管治疗的效果。

次氯酸钠是目前世界范围内临床应用最广泛的根管冲洗剂之一,具有广泛的抗菌效果和组织溶解活性。影响次氯酸钠发挥作用的因素众多,提高浓度、延长冲洗时间及预热溶液增加温度均可以提高次氯酸钠溶液的抗菌和溶解玷污层的能力[3];冲洗方式的选择、与其他根管冲洗液联合应用以及联合超声荡洗或半导体激光也可以提高次氯酸钠的冲洗效果[4]。……

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