周子滢 段茹雪 刘宁娟 贾可 刘玮

摘 要：碳纳米管（CNT）因其优异的电学性能和力学性能，近年来被广泛运用到电磁屏蔽织物的开发和研究中。采用三浸三轧—烘干的方式制备CNT分散液涂层双罗纹织物，研究CNT涂层对双罗纹织物在电磁屏蔽能力方面的影响。结果表明：随着碳纳米管分散液质量分数的提高，涂层双罗纹织物的电磁屏蔽性能不断增强，质量分数为7%时碳纳米管涂层双罗纹织物的电磁屏蔽效果最好，在测试频段为2000 MHz时电磁屏蔽效能可以达到25.5 dB，电阻率为0.052 kΩ/cm;相比于质量分数为1%时，电磁屏蔽效能提高了226.9%，水洗后涂层双罗纹织物在2000 MHz频段时仍可以达到21.4 dB，满足商用需求（20 dB）。加入质量分数为5%的聚氨酯（PU）喷涂在7%CNT涂层双罗纹织物上，提高了电磁屏蔽性能，且水洗后电磁屏蔽效果最高可以达到22.9 dB。

关键词：针织物;碳纳米管;电磁屏蔽;透气性;导电性

中图分类号： TS181.8

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）04-0043-08

Abstract： In recent years， carbon nanotubes （CNTs） have been widely used in the development and research of electromagnetic shielding fabrics because of their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. In this study， CNT dispersion coated double rib fabric is impregnated three times and then rolled three times through a press roll， following with drying the oven. The influence of CNTcoating on electromagnetic shielding ability of the fabric was studied. The results showed that with the increase of the mass fraction of CNT dispersion， the electromagnetic shielding performance of the coated double rid fabric is continuously enhanced. When the mass fraction is 7%， the coated double rid fabric showed best electromagnetic shielding performance. The electromagnetic shielding effect can reach 25.5 dB at a testing frequency of 2000 MHz.The resistivity of the coated double rid fabric is 0.052kΩ·cm. Compared with the mass fraction is 1%， the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is increased by 226.9%. After washing the electromagnetic shielding effect of the double rid fabric can still reach 21.4 dB at frequency of 2000 MHz， which meets the commercial demands（20 dB）.The introduction of 5% PU sprayed on the 7%CNT coated double rid fabric improves the electromagnetic shielding performance， and the electromagnetic shielding effect can reach 22.9 dB after washing.

Key words： knitted fabric; carbon nanotubes; electromagnetic shielding; air permeability; electrical conductivity

隨着社会经济的不断发展，各类电子设备及家用电器的普及及大量使用，使得电磁辐射污染成为了继水污染、噪音污染和大气污染之后的又一大污染，是一种新型环境污染，各界人士都应该采取有效防护措施，以避免和减少电磁辐射对人类健康的影响[1-2]。电磁辐射污染按来源分类主要分为天然电磁辐射污染和人为电磁辐射污染两种。所谓电磁屏蔽就是利用屏蔽体对电磁能流进行反射、衰减等作用使之不能进入到屏蔽区域。通常屏蔽材料对空间某点的屏蔽效果用屏蔽效能（SE）表示。……