陈勇华 孙红权 毛林昌 刘遐波 柳太卫

摘要 以烤烟品种云烟87为材料，开展传统挂竿（对照）、散叶插扦、散叶网筐、框架式散叶双插扦4种装烟方式烘烤效果的对比试验。结果表明：散叶插扦、散叶网筐、框架式散叶双插扦烘烤较传统挂竿烘烤装烟密度有所增加，单叶重有所增加;从烤后烟叶外观质量来看，传统挂竿最好，框架式散叶双插扦次之，散叶网筐最差。从烤后经济性状来看，散叶插扦烘烤次于对照，散叶网筐和框架式散叶双插扦烘烤好于对照，散叶网筐又好于框架式散叶双插扦。框架式散叶双插扦烘烤装烟不需要烟竿编烟，省工、省力，烟叶装炕后叶柄朝上，叶尖朝下，自然悬挂在挂烟梁上，接近于传统挂竿烘烤。综合考虑，框架式散叶双插扦烘烤值得推广。

关键词 密集烘烤;装烟方式;烘烤效果

中图分类号 TS-44  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0187-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.047

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Comparison of the Baking Effect among Different Tobacco loading Methods of Intensive Baking Barn

CHEN Yong hua，SUN Hong quan，MAO Lin chang et al

（Tongren Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company，Tongren，Guizhou 554300）

Abstract Taking flue cured tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as test materials，the contrast test of the baking effect was made among four tobacco loading methods（traditional  rod hanging（control），scattered leaf cutting，scattered leaf net basket，frame type scattered leaf double cutting）.The results showed that the tobacco loading density of scattered leaf cutting，scattered leaf net basket，frame type scattered leaf double cutting was higher than that of  traditional rod hanging，and single leaf weight increased.As for the appearance quality of flue cured tobacco，the traditional rod hanging method was the best，followed by  frame type scattered leaf double cutting，the scattered leaf net basket method was the worst.As for the economic characters of the flue cured tobacco，scattered leaf cutting method was worse than the control，the scattered leaf net basket method and the frame type scattered leaf double cutting method were better than the control，the scattered leaf net basket method was better than the frame type scattered leaf double cutting method.Frame type scattered leaf double cutting method don't need plait with smoke rod smoke，it was labor saving and energy saving.After the tobacco leaves were loaded，the leaf stalks were upwards and the leaf tips were downwards.They were naturally hung on the tobacco hanging  beam，which was close to traditional  rod hanging baking method.From the comprehensive consideration，the frame type scattered leaf double cutting method was worthy to be popularized.

Key words Intensive baking;Tobacco loading method;Baking effect

在密集烤房裝烟方式上，国外主要采用烟夹持烟，部分采用大箱烘烤，而我国目前主要采用传统的烟竿编烟[1-3]，导致烤烟生产过程中的烘烤环节用工量大、耗能多、烘烤效率低等问题，已成为制约烟叶烘烤发展的主要因素。因此，降低烘烤的用工和能耗成本，增加烟农的实际经济效益，对于烤烟生产持续发展具有十分重要的意义[4-11]。笔者通过对现行密集烤房散叶烘烤技术进行优化改进，创新了框架式散叶双插扦装烟方式，与传统挂竿、散叶插扦、散叶网筐装烟方式的烘烤效果进行比较，旨在探索新型装烟方式对烘烤过程中减少用工、降低能耗、改善烟叶整体烘烤质量水平、增加烟农收益和促进烟叶生产可持续发展的意义。……