杨宝国

摘要 教育扶贫是国家脱贫攻坚实施“五个一批”工程的重要组成部分，是阻断贫困代际传递的根本手段和重要方式。该研究基于陕南地区教育扶贫为视角，从陕南现有教育扶贫政策和扶贫效果梳理了陕南地区教育扶贫现状;认为陕南地区教育扶贫存在扶贫政策实施缺乏精准、重物质轻精神和家庭教育扶贫缺失的现实困境;建议陕南地区后期教育扶贫应通过秉承差异性扶贫理念、强化贫困学生的心理健康教育和家庭教育等路径，不断提升陕南教育扶贫效果，为陕南教育扶贫的可持续性发展提供参考。

关键词 陕南地区;教育扶贫;困境;路径

中图分类号 G-521  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0269-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.067

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

A Probe into the Plight and Path of Educational Poverty Alleviation in Southern Shaanxi

YANG Bao guo

（School of Marxism， Xijing University， Xian， Shaanxi 710123）

Abstract As part and parcel of the program of the poverty alleviation characterized by “five batches” carried out by the state， educational poverty alleviation is a fundamental means and an important way to block the inter generational transmission of poverty. Based on the perspective of the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi， this research gives a description of the current situation of the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi from the existing policy of educational poverty alleviation and the effect in this regard， thinking that the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi is faced with the realistic plight featuring the lack of targeted measures regarding the implementation of poverty alleviation policies and the emphasis placed on material aspect instead of spiritual aspect as well as the missing link concerning the poverty alleviation by means of family education and suggesting that as far as the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi in its later period is concerned， efforts should be made to keep on increasing the effect of the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi through paths such as adhering to the concept of differentiated poverty alleviation and intensifying the mental health education and family education on the part of poverty students so as to provide the points of reference for the sustainable development of the educational poverty alleviation in southern Shaanxi.

Key words Southern Shaanxi;Educational poverty alleviation;Plight;Path

陜南地区是指陕西南部地区，陕南地区从西往东依次的是汉中、安康、商洛3个地市。陕南地区是国家集中连片特困地区之一，也是国家实施脱贫攻坚战略目标的主战场。近年来，陕南地区通过国家持续帮扶，主要运用了产业扶持、易地搬迁、生态补偿、发展教育和社会保障等策略，实现了贫困地区的全部脱贫摘帽，为国家全面建成小康社会作出了重要贡献。在陕南地区实施的各项扶贫策略中，教育扶贫的地位显得极为重要，它是阻断贫困代际传递的根本手段和重要方式，其实施的效果和经验需要进一步完善和研究。总体来讲，陕南地区在实施教育扶贫过程中取得了较为显性的成绩，基本达到了教育扶贫的目标，但在实施过程中也存在一些隐性问题需要在后续实施乡村振兴战略中应重点关注。……