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环境因子对小紫珠种子萌发特性的影响

2021-08-06高会荣

安徽农业科学 2021年13期

高会荣

摘要 以小紫珠为试材,测定其种子萌发特性及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明,小紫珠种子的最适萌发温度为25 ℃,40 ℃浸种24 h发芽率可达88.99%。在25 ℃,黑暗环境有利于种子萌发,GA3和6-BA溶液浸种对种子发芽影响较小;小紫珠种子对盐分反应敏感,发芽率随NaCl浓度的升高明显下降,NaCl浓度为300 mmol/L时种子不能萌发。

关键词 小紫珠;浸种;光照;温度;激素;盐分

中图分类号 S-718.45  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)13-0117-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.028

开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Effects of Environmental Factors on Germination Characteristics of Callicarpa dichotoma Seeds

GAO Hui rong

(Tangshan Institute of Landscape Architecture, Tangshan, Hebei 063000)

Abstract Taking Callicarpa dichotoma as test materials, the seed germination characteristics of Callicarpa dichotoma and its response to environmental factors were determined. The results showed that the seed germination of the most suitable temperature was 25 ℃ and the germination rate of the seeds soaked at 40 ℃ for 24 h was 88.99%. The dark environment was conducive to seed germination at 25 ℃, GA3 and 6 BA solution had little effect on seed germination. The seeds of Callicarpa dichotoma were sensitive to salinity and the germination rate decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration. The seeds could not germinate when the concentration of NaCl was 300 mmol/L.

Key words Callicarpa dichotoma;Presoaking treatmeant;Light;Temperature;Hormone;Salinity

小紫珠(Callicarpa dichotoma K.Koch)又名白堂子树,是马鞭草科(Verbenacea)紫珠属(Callicarpa)落叶灌木,原产于我国华北中部至华南地区,多生长于海拔 200~600 m 低矮山区溪边和山坡灌丛中,日本、朝鲜等地也有分布[1-2]。株高1~2 m,聚伞花序,花小,淡紫色,花期5—6月;核果球形,蓝紫色,颜色鲜艳有光泽,果期9—11月。小紫珠果實色美有光泽,经冬不落,秋季紫果累累,布满树冠,且植株较耐干旱和寒冷,是北方地区优良美丽的观果植物,可作为林下灌木应用,还可作为盆景观赏,果枝也是美丽的切花花材。目前,对于小紫珠的研究较少,主要集中于耐旱性研究和扦插繁殖等方面,种子繁殖可以获得大量生长健壮、抗逆性强的苗木,前人研究表明,自然播种条件下小紫珠种子出种率低[2]。笔者研究了不同浸种、光照、温度、盐分和植物激素处理对小紫珠种子萌发的影响,探讨适合小紫珠种子萌发的环境条件,以期为播种育苗及大量繁殖提供理论依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

供试种子于2019年11月中旬采自唐山植物园,经清水搓洗、去除杂质、自然风干后,于4 ℃干燥保存。……

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