常玉珍 高红云 史银佩 王言景 吴玉芳 蒋沙沙

摘要 [目的]揭示小麦对条锈病的抗性应答机制。[方法]以田间优势条锈菌接种抗病小麦品种赛德麦601和感病小麦品种郑麦379，采用实时荧光定量PCR技术和分光光度计法分析小麦籽粒中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的基因表达和酶活性变化。[结果]花后15 d，郑麦379中APX和GR基因表达显著升高，APX基因表达量升高幅度大，花后25 d上调至CK的11.45倍，且持续时间较长;GR短时间小幅度升高，在花后20 d升高至CK的1.65倍。赛德麦601中APX基因仅在花后20 d后表达量显著升高，上调至CK的9.83倍，其他时期变化幅度很小;GR基因仅在花后25 d和花后30 d表达量显著升高，分别升高至CK的2.09、1.92倍。APX和GR酶活性的变化与基因表达量的变化一致。[结论]APX和GR参与了小麦对条锈菌的抗性应答反应。

关键词 小麦条锈菌;抗坏血酸过氧化物酶;谷胱甘肽还原酶;酶活;基因表达

中图分类号 S-435.121.4+2  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0108-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.026

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effects of Stripe Rust on Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity of APX and GR in Wheat Grains

CHANG Yu zhen， GAO Hong yun， SHI Yin pei et al

（College of Life Science， Zhengzhou Normal University， Zhengzhou， Henan 450044）

Abstract [Objective]In order to reveal the mechanism of wheat resistance to rust.[Method]The changes of gene ex pression and enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and glutathione reductase （GR） in wheat grains were analyzed by real time quantitative PCR and spectrophotometry after inoculating resistant wheat Saidemai 601 and susceptible wheat Zhengmai 379 with dominant stripe rust in the field.[Result]The results showed that the expression of APX and GR genes in susceptible cultivar Zhengmai 379 increased significantly at 15 days after anthesis （DAA）， and the expression of APX gene increased significantly to 11.45 times of the control at 25 DAA and lasted for a long time.And GR expression increased to 1.65 times of the control at 20 DAA.The expression of APX gene in resistant cultivar Saidemai 601 increased significantly at 20 DAA to 9.83 times  of the control;the expression of GR gene increased significantly only at 25 and 30 DAA， and reached 2.09 and 1.92 times of the control， respectively.The changes of APX and GR activity were consistent with the changes of gene expression.[Conclusion]This study showed that APX and GR were involved in the resistance response of wheat to stripe rust.

Key words Wheat stripe rust;Ascorbate peroxidas;Glutathione reductase;Enzyme activity;Gene expression

小麥条锈病是由条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis f.sp.Tritici）侵染引起的世界性气传病害[1]，具有危害性强和发生面积广等特点，对小麦的产量与品质造成严重影响。条锈病及其他逆境胁迫致使小麦植株过度积累H2O2等活性氧[2]，这些活性氧可直接攻击膜系统中的不饱和脂肪酸，破坏细胞膜的结构与功能[3]。细胞内有多种抗性酶，可有效清除活性氧，维持细胞的氧化还原平衡，保护植物免受伤害[4]。其中，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（ascorbate peroxidase，APX）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（glutathione reductase，GR）是抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环中的2个关……