孙孝文 刘诚 王慧敏

摘要 [目的]通过对3种活性污泥的长期驯化、微生物多样性分析及优势菌筛选与复配，构建一种对毒死蜱具有高降解活性的菌群。 [方法]以农药公司的3种不同废水处理工序的污泥为材料，利用毒死蜱长期胁迫驯化以获得高效降解毒死蜱的活性污泥;随后，在驯化后的3种活性污泥中筛选优势菌株，并以筛选的菌株构建复合菌群用于毒死蜱的降解。[结果]以毒死蜱为碳源，在驯化后的活性污泥中筛选到3株具有毒死蜱降解活性的菌株（Paracoccus MLCa-1、Klebsiella MLCp-2、Serratia MLCs-1），并对3种菌株进行复配，构建了复合菌群MLCF7。复合菌群MLCF7对100 mg/L毒死蜱降解率达82.84%。 [结论]复合菌群对毒死蜱具有高降解活性，表明其在农药污染生物修复中具有应用潜力。

关键词 毒死蜱;活性污泥;胁迫驯化;复合菌群;生物降解

中图分类号 X-172  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0064-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.017

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Domestication and Screening of Chlorpyrifos degrading Bacteria and Construction of Composited Flora with High Chlorpyrifos degrading Capacity

SUN Xiao wen1，2，LIU Cheng2，WANG Hui min1

（1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances， Institute of Environment and Health， Jianghan University， Wuhan，Hubei 430056;2. School of Life Sciences， Hubei University，Wuhan，Hubei 430062）

Abstract [Objective] Based on three activated sludges， through long term domestication， analysis of microbial diversity， and dominant bacteria screening and composition to construct a composited flora with high chlorpyrifos degrading capacity. [Method]Using sludge from 3 different wastewater treatment processes of pesticide companies as materials，the chlorpyrifos long term stress domestication was used to obtain activated sludge that efficiently degrades chlorpyrifos;subsequently， the dominant strains were screened from the three domesticated activated sludges， and the screened strains were used to construct a complex flora for the degradation of chlorpyrifos.[Result] Using chlorpyrifos as a carbon source， three dominant bacterial strains （Paracoccus MLCa 1， Klebsiella MLCp 2， and Serratia MLCs 1） were screened from these domesticated activated sludges when chlorpyrifos as the carbon source. A chlorpyrifos degrading flora was constructed by composition of these three dominant bacterial strains. The degradation capacity of the composited flora MLCF7 was reached 82.84% towards 100 mg/L chlorpyrifos. [Conclusion] The easily constructed composited flora MLCF7 has high degradation activities to chlorpyrifos， indicating it has the application potential for bioremediation of pesticide contamination.

Key words Chlorpyrifos;Activated sludge;Stress domestication;Composited flora;Biodegradation

毒死蜱是一種有机磷广谱杀虫剂，广泛应用于经济作物的病虫害防治[1-2]。作为一种乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的抑制剂，毒死蜱可以结合AChE并使其失去分解乙酰胆碱的能力，导致大量乙酰胆碱积累，从而使中枢神经系统功能丧失，最终导致昆虫和哺乳动物死亡[3-4]。毒死蜱在农业上的大量持续使用，导致其在土壤和水中过量累积，从而对环境造成了严重的污染[1，5]。目前，已报道多种处理毒死蜱污染的方法，相较于传统的物理化学方法（紫外光解、fenton 氧化法、臭氧氧化法和多相光催化降解等[6-9]），微生物修复法具有高效、廉价、无二次污染等特点，被认为是安全有效的毒死蜱环境污染修复方法[10]。……