摘要 為丰富平凉高粱品种资源并大面积推广应用地膜覆盖免放苗栽培技术，以吉杂127露地栽培为对照，对引进的7个酿造高粱品种进行地膜覆盖免放苗栽培技术配套种植，系统研究了8个品种的物候期、主要农艺性状及产量。结果表明，川糯梁1号表现为植株高、穗子长、穗柄长、穗粒重大、耐倒伏、植株生长整齐、生育期适宜、抗病虫危害、穗粒优势大等特点，产量可达9 800.49 kg/hm2，极显著高于其他参试品种，较对照产量增加64.48%，应作为地膜覆盖免放苗栽培技术的主配品种在域内种植推广;通杂139、吉杂224-2和吉杂237具有幼苗生长快、茎秆粗壮、耐倒伏、成熟较早、籽粒性状优良的特性，产量分别达到了8 333.75、8 108.74和7 775.39 kg/hm2，较对照品种分别增产39.86%、36.08%和30.49%，可作为地膜覆盖免放苗栽培技术的搭配品种进行种植;其他3个品种虽然在一些农艺性状上有较好的表现，但增产水平偏低，不建议作为该技术的配套品种。进一步分析试验结果得出，吉杂224-2和吉杂237的株高、茎粗、穗部性状、成熟期等与机械收获高粱品种的性状指标要求相吻合，产量水平较高，应作为地膜覆盖免放苗栽培机械化收获配套品种在域内种植推广。

关键词 地膜覆盖免放苗;酿造高粱;产量;种植效果

中图分类号 S514  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0027-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.008

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Application of No seedling Cultivation Technique Covered with Plastic Film in Sorghum

SHI Xiao ying

（Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Pingliang，Gansu 744000）

Abstract With Jiza 127 under open field cultivation as the control， no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film was used for 7 introduced brewage sorghum varieties. The phenological period， major agronomic characters and yield were systematically studied so as to enrich the variety resources of sorghum and to popularize the no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film. Results showed that Chuannuo 1 had the characteristics of high plant， long ear， great grain weight per spike， proper growth period， regular plant growth， lodging resistance， pests and diseases resistance and so on. The yield of Chuannuo 1 reached 9 800.49 kg/hm2， which was extremely significantly higher than other tested varieties， enhanced by 64.48% compared with that of control， so that it should be promoted as the main distribution variety for no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film. Tongza 139， Jiza 224-2 and Jiza 237 had the characteristics of rapid seedling growh， strong stem， lodging resistance， early nature and good grain traits. Their yield reached 8 333.75， 8 108.74 and 7 775.39 kg/hm2，enhanced by 39.86%， 36.08% and 30.49%， respectively compared with that of control. Therefore， they could be planted as the match varieties for no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film. The other 3 varieties showed relatively good performance， but the yield increase level was relatively low， which was not suggested as the match varieties. Further analysis showed that the plant height， stem diameter， ear characters and mature stage of Jiza 224-2 and Jiza 237 accorded to the trait index requirement of no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film. Jiza 224-2 and Jiza 237 had relatively high yield level， which should be promoted as the match varieties of no seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film.

Key words No seedling cultivation technique covered with plastic film;Brewage sorghum;Yield;Planting effect

地膜覆盖免放苗栽培技术[1-3]是巧妙利用作物锥状芽鞘及向光的特性，采用作物膜下种植，播沟处膜面覆土，不用破膜放苗，使作物自己顶膜出苗的一种高效节本地膜覆盖栽培技术。……