饲用小黑麦在济源地区的生产性能和品质研究
2021-08-06孙迷平岳竞之肖兴中贾宝华
孙迷平 岳竞之 肖兴中 贾宝华



摘要 小黑麦是一种重要优质的饲草作物,为了饲用小黑麦在济源地区畜牧业上的推广应用,引进中饲1408、石大1号、甘农2号、中饲1257、中饲1640和中饲3366 共6份小黑麦资源为试验材料,测定生育期、株高、不同时期鲜草产量、茎叶比、籽粒产量、抽穗期粗蛋白含量、酸性洗涤纤维及中性洗涤纤维等指标。结果表明,小黑麦能适应济源地区生长,甘农2号综合表现较好,可以示范推广。
关键词 小黑麦;草产量;引种;适应性
中图分类号 S54 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)13-0020-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.006
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Production Performance and Quality of Forage Triticale in Jiyuan Area
SUN Mi ping, YUE Jing zhi,XIAO Xing zhong et al
(Jiyuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiyuan, Henan 459002)
Abstract Triticale is an important high quality forage crop. In order to promote the application of forage triticale in animal husbandry in Jiyuan area, the introduction of 6 triticale resources, including Zhongsi 1408, Shida No.1, Gannong No. 2, Zhongsi 1257, Zhongsi 1640 and Zhongfei 3366, were used as test materials to determine growth period, plant height, fresh grass yield at different periods, stem leaf ratio, grain yield, crude protein content at heading stage, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber. Results showed that triticale could adapt to the growth in Jiyuan area, Gannong No. 2 had better overall performance and could be demonstrated and extended.
Key words Triticale;Grass yield;Introduction;Adaptability
济源市位于河南省西北部,山区丘陵面积占80%以上,天然隔离,自然屏障较好,适合养殖业的发展。济源市是全国生猪调出大县,每年需要大量的饲草料资源,但是该地草地载畜量非常有限。据统计,2018年全市牛存栏2.54万头,山羊存栏10.20万只,绵羊存栏2.71万只,可利用草地远远不足。优质饲草料资源的缺乏,严重影响了牛羊养殖水平[1]。
小黑麦(Triticosecale Wittmack)是由小麦属(Tritium)和黑麦属(Secale)物种属间有性杂交和杂种染色体加倍重组而人工培育成的新物种,具有丰产、耐贫瘠、抗寒性强、适应性广等特性[2]。由于小黑麦兼有小麦和黑麦的优点,具有生物产量高、营养品质好以及抗病、抗旱、抗寒性强等特点,使其具有较广阔应用前景,而且還被认定是“绿色饲料”[3]。小黑麦成为世界畜牧业发展的一种新型饲料作物[4],而且具有生物学产量高、营养品质好、饲草加工形式灵活多样等特点,因而是畜牧业发展中重要的饲料作物之一[5]。……
