身体素养:概念、测评与价值
2021-08-06张曌华李红娟张柳桂春燕
张曌华 李红娟 张柳 桂春燕


摘 要:身體素养作为身体活动与健康促进及当代体育教育领域改革与发展的新理念和新思路,已经成为当前国际体育领域最热门的研究主题之一。通过对身体素养的概念内涵、起源与发展、价值定位及测评现状4个方面进行梳理与分析,建议中国学者在身体素养的相关研究中:明确身体素养的概念内涵和操作性定义;研制适合中国不同年龄段人群的身体素养测评工具;开展不同人群的身体素养水平调查,并通过横向和纵向研究探讨身体素养与身体活动达标率及健康水平的关系;探讨通过培养身体素养提高身体活动水平及其健康效益的有效策略。
关键词:身体素养;概念;测评;价值
中图分类号:G 807.0 学科代码:040303 文献标识码:A
Abstract:As a new concept and new thinking of physical activity and health promotion and the reform and development of contemporary physical education, physical literacy has become one of the most popular research topics in the current field of international sports. Through sorting out and analyzing the origin and development of physical literacy, value orientation, concept connotation and assessment status quo, it is suggested to clarify the conceptual connotation and operational definition of physical literacy in the future research on physical literacy in China; to research and develop the physical literacy assessment tools suitable for different age groups in China; to investigate the level of physical literacy among different populations, and explore the relationship between physical literacy and physical activity achievement rate and health level through horizontal and longitudinal studies; and to explore effective strategies to improve physical activity level and health benefits through physical literacy intervention.
Keywords: physical literacy; conception; evaluation; value
身体活动促进是提高健康水平的有效方式之一。有研究表明,若全球人口身体活动不足率降低10%或25%,那么每年至少减少533 000或13 000 000例死亡[1]。为此,各国政府出台了一系列身体活动促进政策,例如:美国的《国民身体活动计划》、中国的《全民健身计划》、加拿大的《加拿大增加身体活动,减少久坐生活的共同愿景》等[2]来支持其国民参与不同类型的身体活动,然而“基于健康的身体活动促进模式”不足以改变人们的身体活动行为,亦无法扭转身体活动不足现象在全球蔓延的趋势[3]。因此,改变个人观念,注重人们在参与身体活动时的体验,促使人们自发地进行身体活动,形成积极活跃的生活方式,是当前亟待解决的问题。……
