李凯 蔡玉军 陈思同 佘晶晶 辛飞 鲍冉 王凯

摘    要：身体活动促进是解决儿童青少年体质健康问题的关键，也是儿童青少年养成健康生活方式的前提和基础。采用文献资料法、德尔菲法、层次分析法、问卷调查法和数理统计法，以社会生态理论为基础，立足中国本土文化特征，基于“个体-行为-环境”视角构建中国儿童青少年身体活动促进评价指标体系;并通过路径分析对中国儿童青少年身体活动促进影响机制模型进行实测数据检验。最终构建出由5个一级指标、15个二级指标和39个三级指标组成的中国儿童青少年身体活动促进评价指标体系。实测数据与儿童青少年身体活动促进影响机制模型拟合良好，并得出中国儿童青少年身体活动促进影响机制路径系数，对指导我国儿童青少年身体活动促进实证研究和身体活动干预实践具有重要作用。

关键词：儿童青少年;身体活动;评价指标体系;影响机制;德尔菲法

中图分类号：G 804.49          学科代码：040302           文献标识码：A

Abstract：Physical activity promotion is the key to solve the health problems of children and adolescents， and it is also the premise and foundation for children and adolescents to develop healthy lifestyles. Using the methods of literature review， Delphi method， analytic hierarchy process， questionnaire survey method and mathematical statistics method， based on social ecological theory， and the characteristics of localization， through the “individual-behavior-environment”perspective to build the evaluation index system of physical activity promotion of children and adolescents in China. The path analysis method was used to verify the experimental data of the mechanism of physical activity promotion of children and adolescents in China. Finally， the child and adolescent physical activity promotion evaluation index system consisting of 5 first-level indicators， 15 second-level indicators and 39 third-level indicators. The verification results show that the measured data fit well with the model of physical activity mechanism of children and adolescents， and the path coefficient of the physical activity mechanism of children and adolescents in China is derived， which plays an important role in guiding the physical research and intervention practice of children and adolescents.

Keywords：children and adolescents; physical activity; evaluation indicator system; influence mechanism; Delphi method

自2007年5月《中共中央 國务院关于加强青少年体育增强青少年体质健康的意见》颁布以来，我国出台了一系列政策文件，并实施了“教育减负”“确保学生每天锻炼一小时”等一系列举措，我国儿童青少年的体质健康状况较10多年前有了一定改善。全国学生体质健康抽测结果显示，儿童青少年体质健康状况已呈现出止跌之势，但仍存在“十二岁陡崖”和“高一最强”现象[1]。同时，因缺乏身体活动导致的超重和肥胖问题依然严峻，我国儿童青少年体质健康促进工作仍任重而道远。……