胡运禄 张明善

摘要 利用卫星遥感数据，结合社会经济调查，参考Costanza等的生态系统服务价值评价方法，构建若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值评价模型，定量分析若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值。结果表明：若尔盖高原湿地生态系统服务价值为485.93亿元，单位面积价值为32 695.86元/hm2，是其直接开发经济价值的24倍。其中，物质生产价值、休闲娱乐价值的具体表现为消费性直接使用价值的合计为31.41亿元，占生态系统服务价值的6.46%;调蓄洪水价值、大气调节价值、水分调节价值的具体表现为非消费性直接使用价值的合计为265.61亿元，占生态系统服务价值的54.66%。由于样本区域的扩大和计算方法的优化，其上述计算结果更具科学性和合理性。从定量分析的角度，通过数据计算而获得的结果可以看出，保护若尔盖高原湿地的生态价值远远高于直接开发的经济价值高。因此，必须从整个生态系统的角度出发，科学合理地保护和利用好若尔盖高原湿地资源。

关键词 若尔盖高原湿地;生态系统;服务价值;评价

中图分类号 X-826  文獻标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）12-0070-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.12.019

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Evaluation on the Service Value of Wetland Ecosystem in Zoige Plateau， China

HU Yun lu， ZHANG Ming shan

（Southwest Institute for Nationalities， Southwest University for Nationalities， Chengdu， Sichuan 610041）

Abstract Using satellite remote sensing data， combined with socio economic surveys， and referring to the ecosystem service value evaluation methods of Costanza， etc.， the Zoige Plateau wetland ecosystem service value evaluation model was constructed， and the service value of wetland ecosystem in Zoige Plateau was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the total  service value of wetland ecosystem in Zoige Plateau was 48.593 billion yuan， the unit area value was 32 695.86 yuan/hm2，24 times of its direct development economic value.Among them， material production value， leisure and entertainment value， which were especially embodied in the total consumption direct use value of 3.141 billion yuan， accounting for 6.46% of the service value of ecosystem， including flood regulation and storage value， atmospheric regulation value and water regulation value，which were especially embodied in the total value of non consumption direct use was 26.561 billion yuan， accounting for 54.66% of the value of ecosystem services. Due to the expansion of sample area and the optimization of calculation method， the above calculation results are more scientific and reasonable. From the perspective of quantitative analysis， the results obtained through data calculation could be seen that the ecological value of protecting the wetland in Zoige Plateau was far higher than the economic value of direct development. Therefore， it is necessary to protect and make good use of the wetland resources of Zoige Plateau scientifically and reasonably from the perspective of the whole ecosystem.

Key words Zoige Plateau wetland;Ecosystem;Service value;Evaluation

地球上的整个生态系统及生物圈是所在生命的唯一支持系统，也是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础，其生态系统服务不仅为人类的生产生活提供必需的生态产品，而且为生命系统提供必需的自然条件和效用[1]。对生态系统服务功能及其价值评价的研究始于20世纪30年代中期，国外学者以及政府部门、社会组织先后对生态系统、生态系统服务功能的概念内涵、影响因素、类型划分、评估方法、个体案例等方面进行了较为早期的专题研究，并试图将其纳入国民经济核算体系[2-11]。……