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基于Coanda效应的无源流体推力矢量喷管研究

2021-07-15佟川李昂贤王启材张琦祥许兰迪王炫

科技资讯 2021年9期

佟川 李昂贤 王启材 张琦祥 许兰迪 王炫

摘  要:推力矢量技术对于飞行器机动性能的提高具有重要意义,目前已经历了从机械式到有源流体式再到无源流体式的发展历程。无源流体推力矢量喷管具有型面固定、能耗小、主射流偏转响应快等优势。该文提出一种基于Coanda效应的无源流体推力矢量喷管,通过三维建模软件Solidworks和ANSYS FLUENT对其工作原理进行仿真,验证该类型矢量喷管对气流控制的有效性。仿真结果表明:无缘流体推力矢量喷管结构简单,可通过外界大气压力实现主射流矢量偏射控制。

关键词:尾喷管  流体式推力矢量控制  Coanda效应  数值仿真

中图分类号:V22                             文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)03(c)-0094-03

Research on Passive Fluid Thrust Vectoring Nozzle Based on Coanda Effect

TONG Chuan  LI Angxian  WANG Qicai  ZHANG Qixiang  XU Landi  WANG Xuan

(Aeronautical Engineering Institute, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300  China)

Abstract: Thrust vectoring technology plays an important role in improving the manoeuvrability of aircraft. At present, it has experienced the development process from mechanical mode to active flow mode and then to passive flow mode. Passive flow thrust vectoring nozzle has the advantages of fixed profile, low energy consumption and fast response of main jet deflection. In this paper, a passive flow thrust vectoring nozzle based on Coanda effect is proposed. Its working principle is simulated by SolidWorks and ANSYS FLUENT to verify the effectiveness of this type of vectoring nozzle for air flow control. The simulation results show that: The thrust vectoring nozzle has a simple structure and the main jet vector deflection can be controlled by the external air pressure.

Key Words: Nozzle; Fluid thrust vector control; Coanda effect; Numerical simulation

推力矢量技術的应用在提高飞机机动性、稳定性、敏捷性以及提升极限迎角以缩短起降距离等方面具有显著的效果,同时还具有迅速性、轻质化、高可靠性等优点。与有源喷管相比,无源流体推力矢量控制方案是通过主射流的卷吸引射作用,利用环境大气作为二次流实现主射流即发动机尾喷管喷气方向的偏转控制,从设计上较好地避免了有源推力矢量控制方案中的不足之处。国内对该技术的研究仍处于可行性验证,应用实例集中在小型无人机模型设计上。

1  模型及原理

在推力矢量喷管结构设计过程中,有4种常见的流体推力矢量形式,分别为喉道偏置控制、逆向流控制、同向流控制、同向流控制[1]。由于有源流体矢量喷管的气源为飞机增加了大量废重[2],严重限制了其应用性。……

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