宋涵 葛婷婷 康姣姣 姚慧颖 杜若芳 曹阳

摘要 恶性肿瘤是临床常见的疾病，近些年受到多种因素影响，发病率呈现增长趋势，晚期恶性肿瘤不仅会导致患者的生命质量降低，影响患者的身体健康，导致患者死亡。随着医疗卫生事业的快速发展，中医治疗也更多的应用于恶性肿瘤的治疗。现将从现代医学的发展、中医治疗肿瘤的基础理论、中医治疗恶性肿瘤的策略等方面通过循证医学的方法，系统的阐述中医理论在治疗中晚期肿瘤的策略，分析中医在多种肿瘤中发挥的提高患者高生存率、延长生存时间、提高生命质量、改善不良症状中的功效，为中医治疗中晚期肿瘤的策略及理论研究提供理论基础。

关键词 中晚期肿瘤;研究;中医;治疗;策略;现状

Strategy and Theoretical Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Advanced Cancer

SONG Han，GE Tingting，KANG Jiaojiao，YAO Huiying，DU Ruofang，CAO Yang

（Department of Oncology，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 100029，China）

Abstract Malignant tumor is a common clinical disease.In recent years，it has been affected by a variety of factors，and its incidence has shown an increasing trend.Late-stage malignant tumors will not only reduce the quality of life of patients，but also affect their health and lead to death.With the rapid development of medical and health undertakings，traditional Chinese medicine treatment is also more applied to the treatment of malignant tumors.This paper systematically explains the strategies of TCM theory in the treatment of middle and advanced tumors from the development of modern medicine，the basic theories of TCM treatment of tumors，and the strategies of TCM treatment of malignant tumors through evidence-based medicine methods，and analyzes the effects of TCM in a variety of tumors in improving patients′ high survival rate，prolonging survival time，improving quality of life，and improving adverse symptoms，and providing a theoretical basis for TCM treatment strategies and theoretical research on advanced tumors.

Keywords Advanced tumor; Research; Traditional Chinese medicine; Treatment; Strategy; Current status

中图分类号：R273文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.06.030

中医理论定义肿瘤为由于正气不足，病邪侵入造成的气滞、血瘀、痰凝等形成的实体，即为肿瘤，肿瘤是一种阴阳合体的邪气，具有生命属性。良性肿瘤阴盛而阳微，生长慢而倚伏不移，少伤气血，多属古人所谓积证，恶性肿瘤阴盛而阳亢，故生长快而易于走窜，最耗气血，是谓之癌症。瘤体寄生于体内，与五脏六腑血脉相连，中医中认为癌的病机是由于脾胃功能失常，造成清浊相干，营养机体的精微物质中混杂有污浊之物，日久则正常组织可异化生出肿瘤。体虚之人容易罹患肿瘤，由于局部有实邪，多数肿瘤患者表现出虚实夹杂，寒热错杂的证候群，因此中医大多采用散结等方式进行肿瘤治疗。……