中医药物外治法的临床应用研究进展
2021-07-09刘涛王子静杨益韩国英朱姗李楠李霖夏庆梅
刘涛 王子静 杨益 韩国英 朱姗 李楠 李霖 夏庆梅
摘要 中医外治法是中医外科的特色治疗方法,药物经体表皮肤、黏膜、穴位等方式吸收从而发挥临床疗效,在临床应用中对许多疾病的治疗及预后显示出了确切的疗效。药物外治法是中医外治法的重要组成部分,其有多样形式,主要包括膏药、油膏、箍围药、草药、掺药、酊剂、洗剂等,在现代的临床应用研究中疗效显著、应用范围广泛、安全高效、操作简便、不良反应小,在临床中具有重要地位,且形成了独立的理论体系,为我国的医学事业作出了重要贡献。
关键词 中医;药物外治法;临床应用;综述
Research Progress on Clinical Application of External Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine
LIU Tao1,WANG Zijing1,YANG Yi1,HAN Guoying1,ZHU Shan1,LI Nan1,LI Lin1,XIA Qingmei2
(1 Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China; 2 Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)
Abstract External therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a characteristic treatment method of surgery of TCM.Drugs are absorbed by skin,mucous membrane and acupoints to exert clinical curative effect.In clinical application,it shows exact curative effect on the treatment and prognosis of many diseases.The external treatment of drugs is an important part of external treatment of TCM.It has various forms,mainly including plaster,ointment,encircling medicine,herbal medicine,admixture,tincture,lotion,etc.In the modern clinical application research,the curative effect is remarkable,and the application range is wide,safe and efficient,easy to operate with small adverse reactions.It has an important position in the clinical,and has formed the independent theoretical system,which has made important contributions to China′s medical career.
Keywords Traditional Chinese medicine; External treatment; Clinical application; Review
中圖分类号:R268文献标识码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.06.027
中医外治法历史悠久,《五十二病方》开创了中医外治法的先河[1],详载了敷贴、药浴、熏蒸、涂敷、烟熏等多种方法,清朝吴尚先《理瀹骈文》的问世标志着中医外治法理论体系的形成[2]。药物外治法是中医外治法的重要内容,其可根据疾病所在部位,以及病情发展变化的需要,将药物制成不同的剂型应用于皮肤、孔窍、俞穴等部位,使药物直达患处,从而达到疏通经络、扶正祛邪、活血化瘀、消肿散结等功效。随着现代研究的不断深入,药物外治法完成了从单味药到复方药,从简单外敷到多种剂型的转变,外治法不断得到升华[3]。我们根据所查文献总结了临床常用的药物外治法,以期为临床进一步的研究提供参考。
1 膏药
膏药古代称为“薄贴”,是按照配方把药物加入植物油或动物油中熬炼成胶状物质,涂在布、纸或皮上而制成的制剂。……
