张彩云

摘  要：谈到低年级，我们通常会认为识字写字教学最为重要，因为低年级是学生打基础的关键阶段，所以传统观念认为低年级小学语文教学应该更为关注学生识字能力、写字能力的培养与提升。殊不知，低年级也是培养小学生自主阅读习惯的关键时期，而有效的阅读活动不仅能有效提升学生的语言能力，增加学生的知识储备量，同时也能直接优化学生的识字能力。因此，低年级小学语文教师要重视阅读教学，且要针对低年级小学生的阅读认知特点完善阅读指导方式，促使学生真正实现阅读活动的健康成长。

关键词：低年级;小学语文;阅读教学;指导方法

【中图分类号】G623.2       【文献标识码】A       【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）13-0133-02

【Abstract】When it comes to the lower grades，we usually think that the teaching of literacy and writing is the most important，because the lower grades are the key stage for students to lay the foundation，so the traditional idea is that the Chinese teaching in the lower grades should pay more attention to the cultivation and improvement of students' literacy and writing ability. As everyone knows，the lower grade is also the key period to cultivate students' autonomous reading habits，and effective reading activities can not only effectively improve students' language ability，increase students' knowledge reserve，but also directly optimize students' literacy ability. Therefore，junior primary school Chinese teachers should pay attention to reading teaching，and improve the reading guidance methods according to the reading cognitive characteristics of junior primary school students，so as to promote the healthy growth of students' reading activities.

【Keywords】Low grade;Primary school Chinese;Reading teaching;Guidance method

从传统的阅读教学模式来看，由于低年级小学语文教师关注的是小学生是否可以在阅读课上全面掌握课文内容，所以会全面讲解课文内容，且会按照教案补充课文的隐性内容。由于教师的讲解过于完善，学生只要死记硬背则可应付阅读任务，所以他們便不会主动思考、表达文本内容，也就无法形成良好的自主阅读能力。因此，低年级小学语文教师要主动改善阅读形式，调整阅读策略，以便让学生切实积累有效阅读经验，按照预期设想培养学生的阅读能力，也为学生的未来成长做好充足准备。

1.设计形象生动的阅读情境，营造优良阅读氛围

对于低年级小学生来说，他们很难在课堂上立刻进入文本世界，且因为人生阅历单一，他们在分析课文主旨、感受课文情感线索时，都很难实现积极思考，无法真正理解课文的主旨内涵。……