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汉语修辞格的英译策略

2021-06-28汪东镇

读书文摘(下半月) 2021年2期

摘  要:善于使用修辞技巧能够增强语言的感染力,使语言具有美感,给人以艺术的享受。英汉两种语言在修辞格方面能够一一对应的方面,译者应该将其译为相应的的修辞格。本文以《海昏侯生平》英译为例,分析汉语修辞格的英译,助力中国文化“走出去”。

关键词:汉语修辞格英译;中国文化“走出去”

1排比

ST:父亲刘髆对儿子给予厚望,严格要求,为他请了当时最有学问、声望最高的老师——王式。王式也一直尽心辅导,陪伴小刘贺长大。

TT:His father Liu Bo was strict with him and had high expectation on him, so the erudite and prestigious scholar Wang Shi was invited to provide guidance to Liu He and accompany his growing up.

原文使用了三个结构相同的偏正短语,构成了排比修辞,从三个不同层面的角度来描写这些帮助对于刘贺的健康成长重大意义。译文中,笔者保留了原文的修辞,将其译为instructions of father,caring of grandfather,enlightening of teacher,使得原文的所要传达的意蕴体现出来了。

2明喻

ST:没有了父亲的严格约束,没有了祖父凌凌威严,没有了母亲的温柔呵护。此时的刘贺如一只脱了缰绳的小马,受不得各种礼仪约束,生性率直,开始年少轻狂起来。

TT: Without rigorous restrictions from father, without imperatorial deterrence from grandfather and without melting caring from mother, he began to become a reckless and aggressive child, just like an unfettered horse, refusing any restrictions.

文中将刘贺失去亲人的呵护后,变得年少轻狂的模样比作脱缰的小马,笔者将其译为like an unfettered horse,这一译法不仅将修辞译出,同时把刘贺年少轻狂的模样表现得淋漓尽致,传神达意。

3头韵

ST:刘贺的童年在跌跌撞撞中前进,有父亲的教导,祖父的关爱,老师的指点。

TT:Liu Hes childhood proceeded with weal and woe. He also received instructions of father, caring of grandfather and enlightening of teacher.

例3中,刘贺的童年在跌跌撞撞中前进,说明刘贺的童年生活充满了坎坷艰辛的福和祸,笔者译为 weal and woe,这两个单词的首音节均为/w/,节奏感强,读起来朗朗上口,与汉语中的双声词跌跌撞撞有异曲同工之效。……

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