李文珂 孙宇航 齐淑静 吴泽义 袁好军

[摘要]瘢痕是机体创伤修复后的必然产物。创伤愈合时创面上成纤维细胞大量甚至过度增殖，创面局部胶原大量沉积，细胞外基质成分形成、降解失衡导致病理性瘢痕。如何有效抑制瘢痕增生一直是整形科、烧伤科和皮肤科等临床科室积极研究的热点问题。近年来，自体脂肪移植用于促进创面愈合、抑制瘢痕增生取得了良好的临床效果，其机制的研究一直是临床学者们致力研究的热点。现就自体脂肪移植技术的历史进展、自体脂肪移植治疗瘢痕的机制、脂肪移植在瘢痕治疗中的优势与不足进行综述。

[关键词]自体脂肪移植;自体脂肪注射;脂肪干细胞;瘢痕;瘢痕防治

[中图分类号]R619+.6    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）05-0169-04

Research Progress of Autologous Fat Grafting in Inhibiting Scar Formation

LI Wen-ke1，SUN Yu-hang2， QI Shu-jing2，WU Ze-yi1，YUAN Hao-jun2

（1.School of Clinical Medicine， Hebei University of Engineering，Handan 056000，Hebei，China; 2.Department of Plastic Surgery，Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering，Handan 056000，Hebei，China）

Abstract： Scar is the inevitable product of the body after wound repair. During wound healing， a large number or even excessive proliferation of fibroblasts on the wound surface，a large amount of local collagen deposition on the wound surface，formation of extracellular matrix components and imbalance of degradation lead to pathological scar. How to effectively inhibit scar has been a hot topic in plastic surgery， burn surgery， dermatology and other clinical departments.In recent years， autologous fat grafting has achieved good clinical results in promoting wound healing and inhibiting scar， and its mechanism has been the focus of clinical researchers.This paper reviews the historical progress of autologous fat transplantation， the mechanism of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of scar， and the advantages and disadvantages of fat grafting in the treatment of scar.

Key words： autologous fat grafting; autologous fat injection;adipose derived stem cells; scar; prevention and treatment of scar

燒伤、外伤及外科手术后组织愈合，患处体表常可见病理性瘢痕形成。明显的瘢痕不仅影响体表外观，关节部位严重的瘢痕增生甚至可能造成机体的功能障碍。对患者的生理、心理健康造成极大的负面影响。传统的瘢痕治疗方法有外用硅酮类药物、弹力带压迫、激素注射、干扰素注射及手术切除等。虽然有一定的效果，但术后效果不稳定、术后并发症的困扰，使得学者们寻求新的治疗方式。自体脂肪移植注射在瘢痕防治中表现出良好的临床疗效，不仅能够改善瘢痕的外观，而且使瘢痕的质地逐渐接近正常肤质。自体脂肪移植技术是病理性瘢痕防治方法的一项新突破。现就自体脂肪移植对瘢痕的防治研究进展做一综述。……