微种植体支抗矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合畸形的疗效及对患者咬合功能变化的影响
2021-06-22陈志伟谢旺祥徐济群
陈志伟 谢旺祥 徐济群
[摘要]目的:研究微种植体支抗矫治安氏Ⅱ类错牙合畸形的效果及对患者咬合功能变化的影响。方法:选取2017年2月-2020年6月在合肥市第三人民医院和桐城市人民医院就诊并诊疗结束的80例安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合畸形患者为研究对象,均采用微种植体支抗技术治疗,持续治疗2年。治疗前后对头颅进行X线定位拍摄,根据图像上的标志点计算计算所需的角度、线距,包括颌面部变化指标(SNA角、SNB角、GO-GN-SN角、OP-SN角)、上颌牙齿变化指标(U1-SN角、U1-NA距、U1-Apg距、U1-FP角、U6-Ptm距)、软组织指标(E line-LL角、E line-UL角、A角)。另外,比较治疗前后咬合功能指标[牙合力总值(TOF)、力中心点位置(COF)、力不对称指数(AOF)及力中心点最大位移(MMCOF)]变化情况。结果:治疗后,SNA值较治疗前显著减小,SNB、GO-GN-SN、OP-SN值显著增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,U1-SN、U1-NA、U1-Apg值较治疗前显著减小,U1-FP值显著增大,差異有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗前后U6-Ptm值比较无显著差异(P>0.05);治疗后,A角较治疗前显著增大,E line-LL、E line-UL值显著减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,TOF值较治疗前显著增大,AOF、COF、MMCOF值显著减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:种植体支抗矫治安氏Ⅱ类1分类错牙合畸形疗效确切,能有效提高矫治效果,同时能促进患者的咬合关系协调性及稳定性,改善咬合功能。
[关键词]安氏Ⅱ类牙合畸形;种植支抗;矫治效果;咬合功能
[中图分类号]R783.5 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)05-0144-03
Implant Anchorage on Occlusal Function in Patients with Angle ClassⅡ Malocclusion
CHEN Zhi-wei1, Xie Wang-xiang2, XU Ji-qun1
(1.Department of Stomatology, the Third People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei 230000,Anhui,China; 2.Department of Stomatology, Tongcheng People's Hospital, Anqing 231400, Anhui, China)
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of implant anchorage on occlusal function in patients with Angle classⅡ malocclusion. Methods 80 patients with Angle ClassⅡ malocclusion treated in The Third People's Hospital of Hefu and Tongcheng People's Hospital from February 2017 to June 2020 were enrolled, and all patients received implant anchorage treatment for 2 years. The lateral cephalometric X ray film was taken to measure various indexes, including maxillofacial indicators (SNA Angle, SNB Angle, Go-Gn-SN Angle, Op-SN Angle), maxillary tooth indicators (U1-SN Angle, U1-NA distance, U1-APG distance, U1-FP Angle, U6-PTM distance), soft tissue indicators (E line-LL Angle, E line-UL Angle, A Angle), and occlusal function indexes [total occlusal force (TOF), center of force (COF), asymmetry index of force (AOF) and maximum movement of COF]. Results After treatment, SNA decreased significantly, and SNB, GO-GN-SN and OP-SN increased significantly (P<0.05). After treatment, U1-SN, U1-NA and U1-Apg decreased significantly and U1 -The FP increased significantly (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in U6-Ptm before and after treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the A angle increased significantly, and the E line-LL and E line-UL decreased significantly (P<0.05).After treatment,the TOF increased significantly, and the AOF, COF, and MMCOF decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Implant anchorage has good orthodontic effect for patients with Angle ClassⅡ malocclusion, which can effectively improve the total occlusal force and occlusal contacts.
Key words:Angle ClassⅡ malocclusion; implant anchorage; orthodontic effect; occlusal function
错牙合畸形是由遗传因素或后天环境造成的牙齿、颌面及颅面畸形,其中安氏Ⅱ类错牙合畸形多见于青少年及中年,表现为上前牙前突,下颌后缩,磨牙完全远中关系[1-2]。错牙合畸形不仅影响患者容貌外观及咬合功能,还会造成咀嚼、发音功能障碍,并随着年龄增长,症状会进一步加重,引发颞下颌关节紊乱综合征[3]。因此,及时对错牙合畸形采取治疗措施是改善侧貌及咬合关系的关键。口腔正畸治疗中常采用支抗控制技术,其中微种植体支抗在该技术中具有很好的应用潜力[4]。……
