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鼻-牙槽术前矫治器对单侧完全性唇腭裂矫治效果的分析

2021-06-22袁辉王向荣倪进兵袁晟

中国美容医学 2021年5期

袁辉 王向荣 倪进兵 袁晟

[摘要]目的:评估鼻-牙槽术前矫治器(Presurgical nasoalveolar molding,PNAM)在单侧完全性唇腭裂患儿术前矫治中的效果。方法:选取2017年1月-2019年12月在安徽省儿童医院口腔科就诊的13例单侧完全性唇腭裂患儿为研究对象,采用PNAM治疗,比较患儿治疗前后牙槽突裂隙宽度、鼻孔宽度和鼻小柱高度的变化。结果:所有患儿在PNAM治疗后,牙槽突裂隙宽度、鼻孔宽度均缩窄,鼻小柱高度增加,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:使用PNAM能够有效缩窄单侧完全性唇腭裂患儿牙槽突裂隙宽度和鼻孔宽度,延长鼻小柱的高度,不良反应少。

[关键词]唇腭裂;术前矫治;鼻-牙槽术前矯治器;序列治疗;正畸

[中图分类号]R782.2+1    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455(2021)05-0079-03

The Analysis of the Effect of Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding for Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip and Palate

YUAN Hui, WANG Xiang-rong, NI Jin-bing, YUAN Sheng

(Department of Stomatology, Anhui Children's Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui,China)

Abstract:Objective  To evaluate the effect of presurgical nasoalveolar molding in the orthodontic treatment for infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Methods  Select the children who visited the dental department of Anhui children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. Use PNAM treatment for 13 infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate,compared the width of alveolar cleft,the height of columellar and the widths of nostril before and after the treatment in infants. Results  After all infants were treated with PNAM, the width of alveolar cleft and the widths of nostril were all smaller than those before treatment. The height of columellar were all longer than before.There were statistical differences before and after the comparison(P<0.05). Conclusion  Use PNAM for infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate,who can effective reduce the width of alveolar cleft and the widths of nostril,increase the height of columellar,which have low rate of adverse reactions.

Key words: cleft lip and paiate;presurgicai orthodontic;presurgical nasoalveolar molding; sequential treatment; othodontics

先天性唇腭裂是常见的颌面部畸形,在我国的发病率约为0.114%[1],单侧完全性唇腭裂所致的面部畸形较多,单纯依靠手术难以获得较好的外形和功能的恢复,采用唇腭裂序列治疗目前获得了较好的效果,并广泛应用于临床[2]。术前矫治是唇腭裂序列治疗中的重要组成之一,1999年,Grayson BH[3]首次提出了使用PNAM的矫治方式,对术前矫治的发展指明方向,经过多年的发展与改变,应用日趋成熟。本研究使用PNAM对笔者医院就诊的单侧完全性唇腭裂患儿进行治疗,并分析PNAM的治疗效果,现将结果报道如下。

1  资料和方法

1.1 一般资料:经笔者医院伦理学委员会批准,选择2017年1月-2019年12月来安徽省儿童医院口腔科就诊的符合纳入标准的13例单侧完全性唇腭裂新生儿为研究对象,其中男7例,女6例。详细告知家长治疗的优点及风险,并签署知情同意书。

1.2 纳入和排除标准:纳入标准:①诊断为单侧完全性唇腭裂;②患儿各项生命体征平稳;③患儿能定期复诊,依从性好;④足月患儿,年龄14~30d。……

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