孙昊 马新芳 王杰睿 米丛波

[摘要]目的：比較成年女性骨性Ⅱ类患者舌骨位置的差异。方法：按纳入标准选取2017年-2019年就诊于新疆医科大学口腔正畸科的60例患者的头颅侧位片影像资料，并将其分为A、B、C三组。A组：骨性Ⅰ类组，20例;B组：骨性Ⅱ类上颌前突组，20例;C组：骨性Ⅱ类下颌后缩组，20例。利用Winceph 8.0软件定点测量分析舌骨位置的相关指标，采用SPSS 22.0软件对相关数据进行分析。结果：成年女性患者舌骨长轴的角度HA-PP、HA-MP及HA-FH三组比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。舌骨水平向测量：H-Me测量结果显示，A组>B组，A组>C组，B、C组两组间无统计学差异（P>0.05）;H-C3测量结果显示，C组0.05）;舌骨垂直向测量结果：H-FH、H-MP、H-PP三项测量结果中，仅有H-MP在三组间存在统计学意义，C组>A组，C组>B组，A、B组两组间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：骨性Ⅱ类下颌后缩组舌骨位置最靠后，其上气道容积减小，气道狭窄，更易诱发OSAHS。

[关键词]舌骨;骨性Ⅱ类;垂直骨面型;头影测量;气道

[中图分类号]R783.5    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）05-0075-04

Study of Position of Hyoid in Adult Women with Skeletal Class Ⅱ

SUN Hao，MA Xin-fang，WANG Jie-rui，MI Cong-bo

（Department of Orthodontics， the First Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University，Urumqi 830054， Xinjiang，China）

Abstract：Objective  To compare the hyoid position difference of female adults with Seletal classⅡ malocclusion patients. Methods  The Lateral cephalograms data of 60 female adult patients were selected according to the inclusion criteria，and the 60 cases were divided into three groups：A group ：skeletal Class I group（n=20），B group：skeletal Class Ⅱ maxillary protrusion group（n=20），C group：skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction group（n=20）.The relevant indexes of the hyoid bone were measured and analyzed using Winceph 8.0 software.Data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results The mean hyoid axis angle among three group subjects had no statistical significance.Horizontal measurement results of hyoid bone： the measurement results of H-Me showed that group A wass greater than group B and group C（P<0.05，but there was no statistical difference between group B and group C （P>0.05）.H-C3 showed that： group C was less than group A and group B（P<0.05）， but there was no statistical difference between A and B （P>0.05）.Vertical measurement results of hyoid bone： among the three measurement results of H-FH，H-MP and H-PP， only H-MP presented statistical significance among the three groups， and group C was greater than group A and group B（P<0.05）.There was no statistical difference between group A and group B of group C （P>0.05）.  Conclusion The hyoid position od skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction group is the most posterior，and the volume of the upper airway is reduced，  which is more likely to induce OSAHS.

Key words：hyoid position;seletal classⅡ;vertical facial type;lateral cephalograms;air way

舌骨是位于颈部、下颌骨和甲状软骨之间的马蹄形骨，无骨性关节，被颅骨、下颌骨和咽部的肌肉、韧带和结缔组织悬吊，在人类行使吞咽、发音和呼吸等功能中有重要的作用[1]。成年人的舌骨正常解剖位置是在第三颈椎与颏下点连线的上方或周围，与周围的韧带和肌肉相连[2-3]。因此，舌骨的位置会随着身体姿势、头部位置和口腔的不同功能（如：呼吸和进食）而移动。中国人群中安氏Ⅱ类错牙合畸形的发病率为10%～25%[4]，Liu Y[5]等的研究表明，安氏Ⅱ类错牙合畸形患者存在明显的上气道口咽段气道结构性狭窄，舌骨位置偏后下。Wang……