邬付骏 邬美花

摘 要 目的：了解本地区50岁及以上中老年人高尿酸血症（HUA）患病情况及影响因素。方法：收集2020年1月至12月参加上海市老港社区中老年人体检的12 166数据作为分析资料，其中男性5 458名，占44.86%，平均年龄（64.89±8.97）岁；女性6 708名，占55.14%，平均年龄（65.16±9.38）岁。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析探讨中老年人患HUA的影响因素。结果：在12 166例中老年体检者，HUA的检出率为15.4%（1 879/12 166）。單因素分析结果显示HUA组与血尿酸正常组在年龄、BMI及高血压、高血糖、三酰甘油（TG）升高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）降低、肌酐（SCr）升高、尿素氮（BUN）升高和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）升高检出率的差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄、超重或肥胖、高血压、高TG、高SCr、高BUN和高ALT是HUA影响因素，高血糖是HUA的保护因素。结论：上海市老港社区中老年人HUA患病的检出率较高且影响因素多，家庭医师团队应通过社区干预的形式，促使良好生活习惯的养成，提高健康水平。

关键词 高尿酸血症；中老年人；检出率；影响因素

中图分类号：R696+6 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）10-0045-03

The detection rate and influencing factors of hyperuricemia in middle aged and elderly people in rural areas of Shanghai

WU Fujun， WU Meihua（Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Laogang Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District， Shanghai 201302， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia（HUA） in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old in this region. Methods： The physical examination data of 12 166 middle-aged and elderly people in Laogang Community of Shanghai from January to December 2020 were collected， among them， there were 5 458 the males， accounting for 44.86% with the average age of （64.89±8.97） years； there were 6 708 the females， accounting for 55.14% with the average of （65.16±9.38） years. The influencing factors of HUA in middle-aged and elderly people were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results： The detection rate of HUA was 15.4%（1 879/12 166） in 12 166 middleaged and old people who underwent physical examination. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age， BMI， the detection rate of hypertension， hyperglycemia， triglyceride（TG）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-c）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-c）， creatinine（SCr）， urea nitrogen（UN） and alanine aminotransferase（ALT） between the HUA group and the normal uric acid group（P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age， overweight or obesity， hypertension， high TG， high SCr， high UN and high ALT were the influencing factors of HUA， and hyperglycemia was the protective factor of HUA. Conclusion： The detection rate of HUA among middle-aged and elderly people in Laogang Community of Shanghai is high and there are many influencing factors， and the family doctor team promotes the formation of good living habits and improves the health level through the community intervention.

KEY WORDS hyperuricacidemia； middle-aged and elderly people； detection rate； influencing factor

我国目前高尿酸血症（HUA）的患病率急剧增加，患病率为13.3%[1]。经济发达及沿海地区的HUA发病率普遍比其他地区高，与西方发达国家较为接近[2-3]。长期高尿酸可诱发或加重痛风，同时增加其他多脏器的损伤，如心脑血管疾病和肾脏疾病、代谢性疾病等。上海老港社区位于上海市浦东新区东南靠近沿海，人口老龄化现状明显[4]。本研究旨在了解老港社区中老年人群HUA的患病现况及影响因素，为做好居民健康管理提供依据。

1 对象和方法

1.1 对象

于2020年1-12月对上海市浦东新区老港镇7个自然村，1个居委会，和1个养老院的12 587名50岁及以上中老年人进行健康体检，研究对象均签署知情同意书。剔除血样检测数据缺失和人口特征数据不全共421名，最终对12 166份完整体检信息进行分析。……