陈文红 王世君 汪宇峰 周宁 岳清爽

摘 要：随着我国成功申办冬奥会和倡导“三亿人参与冰雪运动”的深入开展，我国冰上运动进入了快速发展新时代。以冰上运动进校园和大众普及性需求为契合点，哈尔滨体育学院研制推广使用的通用型基础冰刀，在非体育专业学生中进行了为期16周的冰上教学实验研究，并与冰上各项目使用的传统冰刀教学进行了比较分析。研究结果表明，在相同学时内，实验组完成了速度滑冰、短道速滑、冰球、花样四个项目的基本技能学习。该实验组与对照组相比教学周期时间缩短了2/3，技术及格率提高5%～17%，教学效果优势显著。这一冰上“四项合一”的融合教学模式与通用型基础冰刀成果的推广，提高了教学质量，有利于学生全面掌握滑冰运动基础技术，对助推我国冰上运动进校园、群众普及和冰雪经济及社会化发展具有重要意义。

关键词：通用型基础冰刀;实验研究与推广;冰上基础技能;“四项合一”教学模式;普及教育

中图分类号：G862

文献标识码：A

文章编号：1008-2808（2021）03-0035-06

Abstract：

As the successful application of Winter Olympic Games and further development of the “Three Billion People Participating in Winter Sports” initiative， our countrys ice sports have stepped into a brand new period of rapid development. Based on the matching point of ice and snow sports in campus as well as general requirements of the public， the universal ice skates， which were researched and promoted in Harbin Sports University， have experienced an 16-week experimental research on ice teaching among non-professional sports students. Meanwhile， this research has carried on a comparative analysis with traditional ice skate teaching under various ice sports events. Research results indicate that during the same teaching period， the experimental group completed the learning of four basic skills， namely speed skating， short track speed skating， ice hockey and figure skating. Compared with the teaching period in control group， the time in experimental group declined by two thirds， while the pass rate of skills increased 5% to 17% inversely. Teaching advantages under universal ice skates can be seen significantly. Along with the promotion of universal ice skates， such kind of teaching model combining four projects is especially beneficial to improving teaching quality as well as boosting ice and snows participation among universities and the public. This study is of great significance in accelerating the development of both ice and snow economics and the whole society.

Key words：

Universal basic ice skates; Experimental research and extension;Basic skills on ice; Four integrated teaching modes; Universal education

從我国冰雪运动发展的实际情况来看，冰上项目的基础教学和群众普及难度要低于雪上项目，是实现“三亿人参与冰雪运动”目标拓展人数倍增计划的基础，因此，将是开展冰上运动进校园和群众性冰上运动普及与发展的重要途径[1-3]。传统的冰上运动是速度滑冰、短道速滑、冰球和花样滑冰等运动项目，冰上运动的冰刀工具性能也是按这四项竞技特征要求分项制造的。……