沈丽丽　杨丽华

摘 要：在当今逆全球化趋势和双循环发展格局下，中国想要摆脱低端锁定的困境，逐渐向全球价值链高端迈进，要更注重国内市场的统一，保证要素在国内市场的自由流动，进一步优化国内要素的有效配置，提升产品的出口竞争力。试图提出国内要素流动通过影响技术创新从而促进全球价值链地位攀升的假设，为此，选取2003—2014年中国制造业各行业的面板数据作为研究对象，基于WIOD数据库，验证劳动力、资本、技术这3种要素的流动对中国制造业GVC地位的影响，并进行异质性检验和影响机制检验。研究发现：这3种要素流动都会对中国制造业GVC地位的攀升有着显著的正向作用;劳动力流动对全球价值链的正向作用最显著;其次是技术流动，最后是资本流动，并且劳动力要素的流动与资本要素流动、技术要素流动存在一定的替代关系;进一步中介效应检验表明，国内要素流动通过提升企业技术创新能力从而对全球价值链地位攀升产生间接效应。

关 键 词：国内要素流动;全球价值链地位;技术创新;制造业

DOI：10.16315/j.stm.2021.06.005

中图分类号： F74

文献标志码： A

Domestic factor mobility， technological innovation and the rise of global value chains status

SHEN Li-li， YANG Li-hua

（Business School， Ningbo Univesrity， Ningbo 315211， China）

Abstract：In current anti-globalization trend and dual-cycle development pattern， China wants to get rid of the dilemma of low-end lock-in and gradually moves towards the high-end of the global value chain. It must pay more attention to the unification of the domestic market， ensure the free flow of factors in the domestic market， and further optimize the effective allocation of domestic factors to enhance the export competitiveness of products. This paper attempts to put forward the hypothesis that domestic factor mobility influences technological innovation to promote the rise of global value chain status. Therefore， this paper selects the panel data of various industries in Chinas manufacturing industry from 2003 to 2014 as the research object. Based on the WIOD database， it verifies the impact of three factor mobilities of labor， capital， and technology on the status of GVC in China's manufacturing industry and carries out heterogeneity test and influence mechanism test. The study finds that the flow of the three factors will have a significant positive effect on the rise of China's manufacturing GVC status. Labor mobility has the most significant positive effect on the global value chain， followed by technological mobility，and finally capital mobility. And there is a certain substitution relationship between labor mobility and capital mobility，technological mobility. A further test of meditation effect shows that factor mobility has an indirect effect on the rise of global value chain status by enhancing the technological innovation capabilities of enterprises.

Keywords：domestic factor mobility;global value chain status;technological innovation; manufacturing

自2001年加入世貿组织以来，中国积极参与全球价值链分工，在经济全球化和国际产业转移的大背景下抓住了重大机遇，逐渐成为名副其实的“世界工厂”和全球价值链参与程度最高的国家之一。然而风靡全球的“中国制造”依然没有摆脱“低附加值”和“低端制造”的标签，尤其当前经济全球化遭遇逆流，疫情的蔓延使得世界需求逐渐萎缩，从而诱发了国际贸易保护主义的抬头，全球产业链供应链的稳定畅通也因此受到了极大的挑战。……